CVE-2024-58314 is an authenticated OS command injection vulnerability identified in ATCOM Technology co., LTD.'s 100M IP Phones firmware version 2.7.x.x. The vulnerability resides in the web configuration CGI script named web_cgi_main.cgi, specifically in the handling of the 'cmd' parameter. Due to improper neutralization of special elements (CWE-78), the input passed to this parameter is not adequately sanitized, allowing an attacker with administrative privileges to inject arbitrary shell commands. This leads to remote code execution on the device with the same privileges as the web interface, effectively enabling full control over the IP phone's underlying operating system. The vulnerability requires authentication but no additional user interaction, increasing the risk if credentials are compromised or weak. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and privileges required (PR:L), with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H). No public exploits are currently reported, but the potential for exploitation is significant given the nature of the flaw and the critical role of IP phones in enterprise communications. The lack of available patches at the time of publication necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by affected organizations.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to enterprise telephony infrastructure. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized command execution, allowing attackers to intercept calls, manipulate device configurations, disrupt communications, or pivot into internal networks. Confidentiality is at risk as attackers may access sensitive voice data or network credentials stored on the device. Integrity and availability are also threatened, as attackers could alter device behavior or cause denial of service. Given the widespread use of IP phones in corporate environments, this vulnerability could facilitate espionage, sabotage, or lateral movement within networks. The requirement for administrative credentials limits exposure but does not eliminate risk, especially in environments with weak credential management or where credential theft is possible. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive defense, but the high CVSS score underscores the urgency of addressing this issue.

1. Immediately restrict administrative access to the web configuration interface of ATCOM 100M IP Phones by limiting access to trusted IP addresses and enforcing strong authentication mechanisms such as multi-factor authentication (MFA). 2. Regularly audit and rotate administrative credentials to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 3. Monitor network traffic and device logs for unusual command execution patterns or unauthorized access attempts targeting the web_cgi_main.cgi endpoint. 4. Isolate IP phone management interfaces on separate VLANs or management networks to reduce exposure. 5. Engage with ATCOM Technology for firmware updates or patches addressing this vulnerability and plan prompt deployment once available. 6. Employ network-based intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures or heuristics to detect exploitation attempts targeting this CGI script. 7. Educate IT and security teams on the risks associated with authenticated command injection vulnerabilities and the importance of securing device management interfaces. 8. Consider temporary disabling or limiting the use of vulnerable web management features if feasible until patches are applied.