CVE-2024-58314 is an authenticated OS command injection vulnerability identified in ATCOM Technology co., LTD.'s 100M IP Phones, specifically in firmware version 2.7.x.x. The vulnerability resides in the web configuration CGI script 'web_cgi_main.cgi', where the 'cmd' parameter is improperly sanitized, allowing an authenticated attacker to inject arbitrary shell commands. This injection flaw stems from improper neutralization of special elements used in OS commands (CWE-78). Because the vulnerability requires administrative credentials, exploitation is limited to users with elevated privileges; however, once exploited, it enables remote code execution on the device with the privileges of the web server process, potentially leading to full device compromise. The CVSS v4.0 base score is 8.7, reflecting high severity due to network attack vector, low attack complexity, no user interaction, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and does not involve scope changes or privileges beyond administrative access. No patches or public exploits are currently available, but the risk remains significant given the critical role of IP phones in enterprise communications and the potential for lateral movement or persistent footholds within networks.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be severe, especially for enterprises relying on ATCOM 100M IP Phones for internal and external communications. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device, leading to interception or manipulation of voice communications, disruption of telephony services, or use of compromised devices as pivot points for further network intrusion. This could result in loss of confidentiality of sensitive conversations, integrity breaches through altered configurations or call routing, and availability issues due to device instability or denial of service. Critical sectors such as government, finance, healthcare, and telecommunications in Europe could face operational disruptions and data breaches. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks or espionage campaigns given the strategic importance of telephony infrastructure. The lack of public exploits currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially if attackers develop exploits or insider threats misuse administrative access.

European organizations should implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Restrict administrative access to the web configuration interface by enforcing strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication where possible. 2) Limit network exposure of the IP phone management interface by isolating devices on dedicated VLANs or management networks inaccessible from untrusted sources. 3) Monitor logs and network traffic for unusual command execution patterns or unauthorized access attempts to the 'web_cgi_main.cgi' endpoint. 4) Apply strict access control lists (ACLs) to restrict which IP addresses can reach the device management interface. 5) Engage with ATCOM Technology for firmware updates or patches addressing this vulnerability and plan timely deployment once available. 6) Consider temporary compensating controls such as disabling remote web management if feasible. 7) Conduct regular security audits of telephony infrastructure and integrate these devices into broader vulnerability management and incident response processes. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on access restriction, monitoring, and network segmentation tailored to the nature of the vulnerability and device role.