CVE-2025-0634 is a Use After Free (CWE-416) vulnerability identified in version 0.2 of Samsung's open source rLottie library. rLottie is a lightweight animation rendering library used to display Lottie animations, which are JSON-based vector animations widely used in mobile and embedded applications. The vulnerability arises when the library improperly handles memory, specifically freeing memory that is still in use, leading to a Use After Free condition. This flaw can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication or privileges, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:A). An attacker can craft a malicious Lottie animation file that, when processed by a vulnerable rLottie implementation, triggers the Use After Free, potentially allowing remote code inclusion or execution. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a limited extent (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L), meaning some data exposure or manipulation and service disruption are possible but not total compromise. The vulnerability does not require user privileges but does require user interaction (UI:A), such as opening or viewing a malicious animation. No known exploits are reported in the wild yet, and no patches have been published at the time of disclosure. Given rLottie's role in rendering animations, this vulnerability could be leveraged in applications or devices that incorporate rLottie for UI animations, including Samsung smart TVs, mobile devices, or embedded systems that use this library. The medium CVSS score of 5.1 reflects moderate risk due to ease of exploitation and potential impact, but limited scope and requirement for user interaction reduce severity somewhat.

For European organizations, the impact depends on the extent to which rLottie is integrated into their products or software stacks. Enterprises using Samsung devices or software that incorporate rLottie animations, such as smart TVs, IoT devices, or mobile applications, could be at risk. Exploitation could lead to remote code execution, enabling attackers to compromise device integrity, steal sensitive information, or disrupt services. This is particularly concerning for sectors relying on embedded or smart devices, including telecommunications, manufacturing, and smart home providers. Additionally, organizations deploying custom applications using rLottie for UI animations may inadvertently expose themselves to this vulnerability if they use the affected version. The requirement for user interaction means phishing or social engineering could be used to deliver malicious animations. While no widespread exploitation is reported, the vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks against high-value European targets, especially those with Samsung-based infrastructure or software dependencies. The limited availability of patches increases the window of exposure, emphasizing the need for proactive mitigation.

1. Immediate assessment of all software and devices within the organization to identify usage of rLottie version 0.2. 2. Where possible, disable or restrict the processing of Lottie animations from untrusted sources, especially in user-facing applications or devices. 3. Implement strict input validation and sandboxing around animation rendering components to contain potential exploitation. 4. Monitor vendor communications for official patches or updates from Samsung and apply them promptly once available. 5. Educate users about the risks of opening unsolicited or suspicious animation files or content that may embed Lottie animations. 6. Employ network-level protections such as intrusion detection systems tuned to detect anomalous behavior related to animation processing. 7. For developers, update to newer, patched versions of rLottie once released or consider alternative libraries with better security track records. 8. Conduct penetration testing focusing on animation rendering components to identify potential exploitation vectors. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific vector (Lottie animations) and the unique characteristics of this vulnerability.