CVE-2025-10098 is a medium-severity SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.0 of the PHPGurukul User Management System. The flaw exists in an unspecified function within the /admin/edit-user-profile.php file, where the 'uid' parameter is improperly sanitized or validated, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely without requiring user interaction or authentication, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/UI:N/PR:L). The injection could lead to unauthorized access, data leakage, or modification of the underlying database, potentially compromising user data and system integrity. Although the CVSS score is moderate (5.3), the presence of a public exploit increases the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, and no official patches or mitigations have been published as of now. The attack surface is limited to administrative functionality, which requires low privileges, but no authentication is needed to exploit the flaw, making it more accessible to attackers. The vulnerability does not affect system confidentiality, integrity, and availability at the highest levels but poses a significant risk to data confidentiality and integrity due to possible unauthorized database queries and modifications.

For European organizations using PHPGurukul User Management System 1.0, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive user information, including personal data protected under GDPR. Exploitation could result in data breaches, reputational damage, regulatory fines, and operational disruptions. Since the vulnerability allows remote exploitation without user interaction, attackers could automate attacks at scale, increasing the likelihood of compromise. Organizations relying on this system for user management may face risks of privilege escalation, unauthorized account modifications, or data tampering. The impact is particularly critical for sectors handling sensitive personal or financial data, such as healthcare, finance, and government institutions. Additionally, the lack of available patches means organizations must rely on alternative mitigations, increasing operational complexity and risk exposure.

1. Immediate mitigation should include restricting access to the /admin/edit-user-profile.php endpoint via network controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure to trusted administrators only. 2. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules specifically targeting SQL injection patterns on the 'uid' parameter to detect and block malicious payloads. 3. Conduct a thorough code review and apply input validation and parameterized queries or prepared statements to sanitize the 'uid' parameter and other user inputs in the affected file. 4. Monitor logs for unusual or suspicious database queries or access patterns related to user profile editing. 5. If possible, upgrade or migrate to a newer, patched version of the PHPGurukul User Management System once available. 6. Educate administrators on the risks and signs of exploitation to enable rapid detection and response. 7. Consider deploying database activity monitoring tools to detect anomalous SQL commands in real time.