CVE-2025-10098 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in PHPGurukul User Management System version 1.0, specifically within the /admin/edit-user-profile.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the uid parameter, which is used in SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. This flaw allows an attacker with low privileges to remotely inject malicious SQL code, potentially enabling unauthorized access to or modification of the underlying database. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges are needed to initiate the attack (PR:L indicates low privileges), and no user interaction is required (UI:N). The vulnerability impacts confidentiality, integrity, and availability to a limited extent (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L), indicating partial compromise is possible. Although no known exploits have been observed in the wild, the public release of exploit code increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The absence of vendor patches at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate defensive measures. This vulnerability is particularly critical for organizations relying on PHPGurukul User Management System for administrative user profile management, as exploitation could lead to unauthorized data access, data corruption, or denial of service conditions. The CVSS 4.0 vector and score of 5.3 reflect a medium severity rating, emphasizing the need for timely remediation.

For European organizations, exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive user information, unauthorized modification of user profiles, and potential disruption of user management services. This can result in data breaches violating GDPR requirements, reputational damage, and operational downtime. Organizations in sectors such as education, government, and enterprises using PHPGurukul User Management System for internal user administration are at risk. The partial compromise of confidentiality and integrity can facilitate further lateral movement or privilege escalation within networks. Additionally, the availability impact, though limited, could disrupt administrative functions critical to user access management. The public availability of exploit code increases the risk of opportunistic attacks, especially against organizations that have not implemented adequate input validation or have not updated their systems. The medium severity rating suggests that while the threat is not immediately critical, it poses a significant risk that should be addressed promptly to avoid escalation.

1. Apply vendor patches immediately once available to address the SQL injection vulnerability in the /admin/edit-user-profile.php file. 2. Until patches are released, implement strict input validation and sanitization on the uid parameter, ensuring only expected numeric or alphanumeric values are accepted. 3. Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to prevent SQL injection. 4. Restrict access to the /admin/edit-user-profile.php endpoint to trusted administrators and limit exposure to the internet via network segmentation or firewall rules. 5. Monitor logs for suspicious activities related to the uid parameter, such as unexpected SQL syntax or error messages indicating injection attempts. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and code reviews focusing on input handling in user management modules. 7. Educate administrators about the risks and signs of SQL injection attacks to enable prompt detection and response. 8. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules tuned to detect and block SQL injection payloads targeting this endpoint.