CVE-2025-11012 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the BehaviorTree software up to version 4.7.0, specifically within the ParseScript function located in the /src/script_parser.cpp file of the Diagnostic Message Handler component. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of the argument error_msgs_buffer, which can be manipulated to overflow the stack buffer. This type of vulnerability can lead to memory corruption, potentially allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code, cause a denial of service, or crash the affected application. However, exploitation requires local access with at least low privileges (PR:L) and does not require user interaction (UI:N). The attack complexity is low (AC:L), and no authentication is needed (AT:N), but the scope of impact is limited to the vulnerable component (VC:L), integrity (VI:L), and availability (VA:L) are affected. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 4.8, categorized as medium severity. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, but no known exploits in the wild have been reported yet. A patch identified by commit cb6c7514efa628adb8180b58b4c9ccdebbe096e3 is available to remediate the issue. Given the local attack vector, this vulnerability primarily threatens environments where untrusted users have local access to systems running vulnerable versions of BehaviorTree, which is often used in robotics, automation, and AI decision-making frameworks.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-11012 depends largely on the deployment of BehaviorTree in their infrastructure. Organizations utilizing BehaviorTree for automation, robotics, or AI-driven processes may face risks of service disruption or unauthorized code execution if local users or processes can exploit the vulnerability. This could lead to compromised system integrity or availability, affecting critical operations especially in manufacturing, automotive, or industrial control sectors prevalent in Europe. Although remote exploitation is not possible, insider threats or compromised local accounts could leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges or disrupt services. The medium severity rating indicates moderate risk, but the presence of publicly disclosed exploit details increases the urgency for patching. Failure to address this vulnerability could result in operational downtime, data integrity issues, and potential compliance violations under European data protection regulations if the affected systems handle sensitive data.

European organizations should prioritize applying the official patch (commit cb6c7514efa628adb8180b58b4c9ccdebbe096e3) to all instances of BehaviorTree up to version 4.7.0. In addition to patching, organizations should enforce strict local access controls and limit the number of users with local access to systems running BehaviorTree. Implementing robust endpoint security solutions that monitor for anomalous local activity can help detect exploitation attempts. Regularly auditing user privileges and employing application whitelisting can reduce the risk of unauthorized code execution. For environments where immediate patching is not feasible, consider isolating vulnerable systems or running BehaviorTree components within sandboxed or containerized environments to limit potential damage. Finally, maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans tailored to address local privilege escalation and buffer overflow exploitation scenarios.