CVE-2025-11112 is a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in version 1.3 of the PHPGurukul Employee Record Management System, specifically within the /myprofile.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization or validation of the 'First name' input parameter, allowing an attacker to inject malicious scripts. This flaw can be exploited remotely without requiring authentication or privileges, and user interaction is necessary for the attack to succeed (e.g., a victim must visit a crafted URL or page). The vulnerability is classified as reflected XSS, where the malicious payload is reflected off the web server in the response. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), indicating moderate risk. The attack vector is network-based with low attack complexity and no privileges required. The impact primarily affects the confidentiality and integrity of user data by potentially stealing session cookies, performing actions on behalf of the user, or defacing the web interface. Availability impact is minimal. Although no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, the public disclosure of the exploit code increases the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects only version 1.3 of the product, and no official patches or mitigations have been published yet. The PHPGurukul Employee Record Management System is typically used for managing employee data, making it a target for attackers seeking to compromise internal organizational information or gain unauthorized access to employee profiles.

For European organizations using PHPGurukul Employee Record Management System version 1.3, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data exposure and session hijacking, potentially leading to further internal compromise. Attackers could leverage the XSS flaw to execute malicious scripts in the context of authenticated users, stealing sensitive employee information or credentials. This could result in privacy violations under GDPR, reputational damage, and potential regulatory penalties. The vulnerability could also be used as a pivot point for more advanced attacks within the corporate network. Given the remote exploitability and lack of required privileges, attackers can target exposed web interfaces from anywhere, increasing the threat surface. Organizations in sectors with strict data protection requirements, such as finance, healthcare, and government, may face heightened risks. However, the medium severity and requirement for user interaction somewhat limit the immediacy of the threat. The absence of known active exploitation reduces immediate urgency but does not eliminate the risk, especially after public exploit disclosure.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing strict input validation and output encoding on the 'First name' parameter within /myprofile.php to neutralize malicious scripts. 2. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in the browser context. 3. Use HTTP-only and Secure flags on session cookies to reduce the risk of session theft via XSS. 4. Conduct a thorough code review of all user input handling in the application to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities. 5. If possible, isolate the Employee Record Management System behind a VPN or restrict access to trusted IP ranges to reduce exposure. 6. Monitor web server logs for suspicious requests targeting /myprofile.php or unusual query parameters. 7. Educate users about the risks of clicking untrusted links and encourage reporting of suspicious activity. 8. Engage with the vendor or development team to obtain or develop an official patch or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version. 9. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block XSS payloads targeting this endpoint.