CVE-2025-12303 identifies a cross-site scripting vulnerability in the PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management System version 1.0, specifically within the admin-profile.php file. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding of the adminname/email parameters, which can be manipulated by an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute scripts in the context of an administrator's browser session, potentially compromising session integrity and enabling unauthorized actions such as credential theft or privilege escalation within the administrative interface. The vulnerability requires the attacker to have high privileges (PR:H) and user interaction (UI:P), indicating that the attacker must be authenticated as an admin and trick the admin into interacting with a crafted payload. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P) reflects network attack vector, low attack complexity, no authentication bypass, partial impact on integrity, and no impact on confidentiality or availability. Although no active exploits have been reported in the wild, the public disclosure and availability of proof-of-concept code increase the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, which is typically used by governmental or municipal authorities to manage curfew e-pass issuance, making it a potentially attractive target for attackers seeking to disrupt or manipulate public safety systems. The lack of official patches or updates at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by affected organizations.

For European organizations, particularly governmental agencies or municipalities utilizing the PHPGurukul Curfew e-Pass Management System, this vulnerability poses a risk of administrative account compromise through XSS attacks. Successful exploitation could lead to session hijacking, unauthorized modification of e-pass data, or manipulation of curfew enforcement processes, undermining public safety and trust. The impact on confidentiality is limited, but integrity is partially affected due to possible unauthorized changes. Availability is not impacted. Given the administrative nature of the affected interface, the threat could disrupt critical e-governance functions, especially in countries relying on digital curfew management during emergencies. The medium severity rating reflects the need for vigilance but suggests the threat is not immediately critical. However, the public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of targeted attacks, especially in politically sensitive or high-security environments within Europe.

To mitigate CVE-2025-12303, organizations should immediately implement strict input validation and output encoding on the adminname and email parameters within the admin-profile.php file to prevent script injection. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in the admin interface. Limit administrative access to trusted networks and enforce multi-factor authentication to reduce the risk of compromised credentials. Regularly monitor logs for unusual admin activity or repeated failed attempts to inject scripts. If possible, isolate the e-pass management system from the public internet or place it behind a web application firewall (WAF) configured to detect and block XSS payloads. Engage with PHPGurukul or community forums to obtain patches or updates as they become available. Conduct security awareness training for administrators to recognize and avoid phishing or social engineering attempts that could trigger user interaction-based exploits. Finally, consider implementing session timeout and re-authentication mechanisms to reduce the window of opportunity for attackers.