CVE-2025-20272VulnerabilityPublished 16 Jul 2025Updated 18 Jul 2025

CVE-2025-20272: Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager (EPNM) · SQL Injection

Affects Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager (EPNM)Source CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 4.3 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

4.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 30% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: None
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 16 Jul 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Cisco Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager (EPNM)	Affected =3.0.1 =3.1.2 =1.2 =3.1.1 =3.1.3 =3.1 =3.0.3 =3.0.2 =3.0 =2.2 =1.1 =2.1 =2.0 =4.1 =4.1.1 =4.0.3 =4.0.1 =4.0.2 =4.0 =5.0 =5.0.1 =5.1.1 =5.1 =5.0.2 =5.1.2 =5.1.3 =5.1.4 =6.1.1 =6.1 =6.0.0 =6.0.1 =6.0.2 =7.0.0 =1.2.5 =1.2.6 =2.0.1 =1.2.2 =1.2.3 =1.2.4 =1.2.7 =1.2.1.2 =2.2.1 =2.1.3 =2.0.2 =2.0.3 =2.1.2 =2.0.4 =2.1.1 =5.0.2.5 =5.1.4.3 =6.0.2.1 =6.1.1.1 =5.0.2.1 =5.0.2.2 =5.0.2.3 =5.0.2.4 =5.1.4.1 =5.1.4.2 =2.1.4 =2.2.4 =2.2.3 =2.2.5 =5.1.3.2 =5.1.3.1 =6.0.1.1 =4.1.1.2 =4.1.1.1 =4.0.3.1 =2.0.1.1 =2.1.1.3 =2.1.1.1 =2.1.1.4 =2.0.4.2 =2.0.4.1 =2.1.2.2 =2.1.2.3 =2.0.2.1 =2.1.3.4 =2.1.3.3 =2.1.3.2 =2.1.3.5 =2.2.1.2 =2.2.1.1 =2.2.1.4 =2.2.1.3 =1.2.4.2 =1.2.2.4 =6.0.3 =5.1.4.4 =5.0.2.6 =6.0.3.1 =6.1.2 =6.1.1.2.2 =6.1.2.1 =6.1.2.2 =7.1.1 =7.1.2.1 =7.0.1.3 =7.1.3 =7.1.2 =7.0.1.2 =7.0.1.1 =7.0.1 =7.1.0 =8.0.0 =6.1.2.3 =8.0.0.1 =7.1.3.1 =7.1.4 =8.1.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

1. Immediate mitigation involves restricting access to the affected REST APIs to trusted users only and enforcing strict authentication and authorization controls, including multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all users with access to Cisco EPNM. 2. Network segmentation should be employed to isolate management interfaces from general user networks and the internet, minimizing exposure. 3. Monitor logs and API usage patterns for anomalous queries or unusual access attempts that could indicate exploitation attempts. 4. Apply the principle of least privilege rigorously, ensuring users have only the minimum necessary permissions to perform their roles. 5. Regularly update and patch Cisco EPNM software as Cisco releases fixes addressing this vulnerability. 6. Conduct internal security assessments and penetration tests focusing on API endpoints to detect potential injection points. 7. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) or API gateways capable of detecting and blocking SQL injection patterns targeting management APIs. 8. Educate administrators and users about the risks of credential compromise and enforce strong password policies to reduce the risk of unauthorized authenticated access.

Description

A vulnerability in a subset of REST APIs of Cisco Prime Infrastructure and Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager (EPNM) could allow an authenticated, low-privileged, remote attacker to conduct a blind SQL injection attack. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted request to an affected API. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to view data in some database tables on an affected device.

Impact

For European organizations, the impact centers on potential unauthorized access to sensitive network management data stored within Cisco EPNM databases. This data could include configuration details, network topology, device inventories, and possibly credentials or tokens used within the management environment. Disclosure of such information could aid attackers in further reconnaissance or lateral movement within the network. While the vulnerability does not allow direct data modification or service disruption, the confidentiality breach could lead to secondary attacks targeting critical infrastructure. Given that many large enterprises, telecom providers, and government agencies in Europe use Cisco network management solutions, the risk is non-trivial. The requirement for authentication limits exposure to insiders or attackers who have already compromised low-privilege credentials, but phishing or credential theft remain common attack vectors. The vulnerability could also be leveraged in targeted attacks against strategic sectors such as telecommunications, finance, and critical infrastructure operators, where Cisco EPNM is deployed for network orchestration. The medium severity rating suggests that while immediate catastrophic impact is unlikely, the vulnerability represents a meaningful risk to confidentiality and should be addressed promptly to maintain network security posture and compliance with data protection regulations like GDPR.

References

sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-piepnm-bsi-25JJqsbb (opens in a new tab)

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 24 Jul 2025, 01:02 UTC

Technical details

References

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