CVE-2025-23358 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-427 (Uncontrolled Search Path Element) found in the NVIDIA NVApp installer for Windows. This flaw arises because the installer improperly handles the search path for loading components or executables, allowing a local attacker to insert malicious code into the search path. When the installer or NVApp executes, it may inadvertently run attacker-controlled code. The vulnerability requires the attacker to have local access with limited privileges and involves user interaction, such as running the installer or triggering an update. Successful exploitation can lead to arbitrary code execution with escalated privileges, potentially granting the attacker full control over the affected system. The CVSS v3.1 score of 8.2 reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with relatively low attack complexity and partial privileges required. No public exploits or active exploitation have been reported yet, but the vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the widespread use of NVIDIA NVApp in Windows environments, particularly in workstations and gaming PCs. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 11.0.5.260, and users are advised to upgrade to the patched version once available. The uncontrolled search path element issue is a common vector for privilege escalation attacks, especially when combined with local access, making this a critical concern for endpoint security.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-23358 can be substantial. NVIDIA NVApp is commonly installed on Windows systems that use NVIDIA GPUs, which are prevalent in sectors such as technology, engineering, design, and gaming. Exploitation could allow attackers to gain elevated privileges on affected machines, leading to unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of critical workflows, or deployment of further malware. This is particularly concerning for organizations handling intellectual property, personal data under GDPR, or critical infrastructure. The vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks or insider threat scenarios where an attacker has local access but limited privileges. The escalation of privileges can facilitate lateral movement within corporate networks, increasing the risk of broader compromise. Additionally, the need for user interaction and local access somewhat limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk in environments where endpoint security controls are weak or where social engineering can be used to trigger the vulnerability.

1. Immediately update NVIDIA NVApp to version 11.0.5.260 or later once the patch is released to eliminate the vulnerability. 2. Implement strict local privilege management to minimize the number of users with installation or administrative rights on Windows systems. 3. Enforce application whitelisting and code integrity policies to prevent unauthorized executables from running, especially in directories involved in the NVApp installation process. 4. Monitor endpoint logs for unusual installer activity or attempts to modify search paths related to NVApp. 5. Educate users about the risks of running untrusted installers or software updates, reducing the likelihood of successful social engineering. 6. Use endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect and block suspicious local privilege escalation attempts. 7. Regularly audit installed software versions across the enterprise to ensure timely patching of NVIDIA NVApp and related components. 8. Restrict write permissions on directories included in the search path used by NVApp to prevent insertion of malicious files.