CVE-2025-27052 is a high-severity buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-120) found in multiple Qualcomm Snapdragon platforms and associated wireless connectivity modules. The flaw arises from improper handling of data packets received via the diagnostic (diag) interface from Unix clients, where the size of the input is not properly checked before copying into a buffer. This classic buffer overflow can lead to memory corruption, which may be exploited to execute arbitrary code, escalate privileges, or cause denial of service conditions. The vulnerability affects a wide range of Qualcomm products, including Snapdragon mobile platforms (from Snapdragon 4 Gen 1 to Snapdragon 8 Gen 3), FastConnect wireless subsystems, modem-RF systems, wearable platforms, automotive platforms, and various wireless connectivity chips (WCN series). The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.8, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low attack complexity but requiring local privileges (AV:L, PR:L). No user interaction is needed, and the scope is unchanged. Although no known exploits are currently observed in the wild, the extensive list of affected devices and platforms indicates a broad attack surface, especially in mobile, automotive, and IoT devices relying on Qualcomm Snapdragon chipsets. The vulnerability could be leveraged by attackers with local access to the diag interface to compromise device security, potentially leading to full system compromise or disruption of critical wireless communications.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-27052 is significant due to the widespread use of Qualcomm Snapdragon chipsets in smartphones, IoT devices, automotive telematics, and industrial equipment. Confidentiality breaches could expose sensitive corporate or personal data, while integrity violations may allow attackers to manipulate device behavior or firmware. Availability impacts could disrupt critical communications, especially in sectors relying on mobile connectivity such as finance, healthcare, and transportation. The vulnerability's presence in automotive platforms (e.g., Robotics RB5, Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF) raises concerns for connected vehicles and smart infrastructure, potentially affecting safety-critical systems. Enterprises deploying Qualcomm-based devices in their networks or supply chains must consider the risk of lateral movement or targeted attacks exploiting this flaw. The requirement for local privileges limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk, as compromised devices or insider threats could trigger attacks. The lack of known exploits suggests a window for proactive mitigation before active exploitation emerges.

Mitigation should focus on applying vendor patches as soon as they become available from Qualcomm or device manufacturers. Until patches are released, organizations should restrict access to diagnostic interfaces, especially from Unix clients or local users, by enforcing strict access controls and network segmentation. Monitoring and logging diag interface usage can help detect anomalous activity indicative of exploitation attempts. Device firmware and software should be updated regularly to incorporate security fixes. For automotive and IoT deployments, secure boot and runtime integrity checks can reduce the risk of persistent compromise. Organizations should also conduct thorough inventory and risk assessments to identify all affected devices within their environment. Employing endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting memory corruption or unusual process behavior may provide early warning. Finally, educating users and administrators about the risks of local privilege escalation and limiting unnecessary local access will reduce attack vectors.