CVE-2025-36348 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-209, which involves the generation of error messages containing sensitive information. It affects IBM Sterling B2B Integrator and IBM Sterling File Gateway across multiple versions (6.1.0.0 through 6.1.2.7_2, 6.2.0.0 through 6.2.0.5, and 6.2.1.0 through 6.2.1.1). The root cause is the application returning detailed technical error messages directly in the browser interface when exceptions or errors occur. These messages may include sensitive data such as system paths, configuration details, stack traces, or other internal information that can be leveraged by an attacker with privileged access to the network. The vulnerability requires the attacker to have privileged access, which limits the attack surface but still poses a risk if credentials are compromised or insider threats exist. The CVSS v3.1 score of 4.9 reflects a medium severity rating, with the vector indicating network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), required privileges (PR:H), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), high confidentiality impact (C:H), and no impact on integrity or availability (I:N/A:N). Although no public exploits have been reported, the exposure of sensitive information can facilitate further attacks such as privilege escalation, lateral movement, or targeted exploitation of other vulnerabilities. The vulnerability is particularly relevant for organizations relying on IBM Sterling products for critical B2B integrations and file gateway operations, which are common in supply chain, finance, and manufacturing sectors. The lack of available patches at the time of reporting necessitates interim mitigations to reduce exposure.

For European organizations, the exposure of sensitive information through error messages can lead to increased risk of targeted attacks, including privilege escalation and lateral movement within networks. Organizations in sectors with heavy reliance on IBM Sterling B2B Integrator and File Gateway—such as manufacturing, logistics, finance, and retail—may face operational risks if attackers leverage this vulnerability to gain deeper insights into system configurations or internal processes. The confidentiality impact is high, as attackers can obtain sensitive technical details that aid in crafting further exploits. While the vulnerability does not directly affect system integrity or availability, the indirect consequences of information leakage can lead to significant security incidents. Additionally, given the interconnected nature of European supply chains and financial networks, exploitation could have cascading effects across multiple organizations. The requirement for privileged access reduces the likelihood of external exploitation but raises concerns about insider threats or compromised credentials. Overall, the vulnerability poses a moderate risk that must be addressed to maintain the security posture of critical business operations in Europe.

1. Monitor IBM’s official channels closely for patches addressing CVE-2025-36348 and apply them promptly once available. 2. Implement strict access controls to limit who can reach the affected IBM Sterling B2B Integrator and File Gateway interfaces, ideally restricting access to trusted internal networks or VPNs. 3. Configure the applications to suppress detailed error messages in production environments, replacing them with generic error responses that do not reveal sensitive information. 4. Enhance logging and monitoring to detect unusual access patterns or error message requests that could indicate reconnaissance or exploitation attempts. 5. Conduct regular audits of privileged accounts and enforce strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication, to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 6. Employ network segmentation to isolate critical B2B integration systems from less trusted network zones. 7. Train IT and security teams to recognize the risks associated with information leakage vulnerabilities and incorporate secure coding and configuration practices to prevent similar issues. 8. If immediate patching is not possible, consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to block or sanitize error message outputs.