CVE-2025-40677 is a high-severity SQL Injection vulnerability identified in Summar Software's Portal del Empleado, specifically affecting version 3.98.0. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands (CWE-89), allowing an attacker to manipulate the SQL queries executed by the application. The flaw is triggered via a POST request targeting the parameter “ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$filtroNombre” on the endpoint “/MemberPages/quienesquien.aspx”. By exploiting this, an attacker can perform unauthorized actions on the backend database, including retrieving sensitive data, creating, updating, or deleting records. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.7 reflects the critical nature of this vulnerability, with an attack vector that is network-based (AV:N), requiring low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges (PR:L) but some level of user privileges (PR:L) is indicated, no user interaction (UI:N), and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H). The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can be exploited remotely, making it a significant threat. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been published yet. The vulnerability was reserved in April 2025 and published in September 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure. The lack of patch availability necessitates immediate mitigation efforts to prevent exploitation.

For European organizations using Summar Software's Portal del Empleado version 3.98.0, this vulnerability poses a severe risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to employee data, manipulation of records, and potential disruption of HR and employee management services. The confidentiality breach could expose personal identifiable information (PII), leading to regulatory non-compliance under GDPR, resulting in legal and financial penalties. Integrity violations could allow attackers to alter employee records, payroll data, or access controls, causing operational disruptions and loss of trust. Availability impact could result in denial of service to legitimate users, affecting business continuity. Given the critical nature of the vulnerability and the absence of patches, organizations face an urgent need to assess exposure and implement mitigations to protect sensitive data and maintain service integrity.

1. Immediate mitigation should include implementing Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block malicious SQL injection payloads targeting the vulnerable parameter “ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$filtroNombre”. 2. Conduct thorough input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied inputs, especially the affected parameter, to neutralize special SQL characters. 3. Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to prevent direct injection of user input into SQL commands. 4. Restrict database user privileges associated with the application to the minimum necessary, avoiding high-privilege accounts that can modify or delete data. 5. Monitor application logs and network traffic for unusual POST requests or patterns indicative of SQL injection attempts. 6. Engage with Summar Software for timely patch releases and apply updates as soon as they become available. 7. As a temporary measure, consider restricting access to the vulnerable endpoint to trusted IP ranges or through VPNs to reduce exposure. 8. Conduct security awareness training for developers and administrators on secure coding practices and vulnerability management.