CVE-2025-40690 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability identified in version 1.2 of the PHPGurukul Online Fire Reporting System (OFRS). The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements in SQL commands (CWE-89) through the 'teamid' parameter in the '/ofrs/admin/edit-team.php' endpoint. This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to manipulate SQL queries executed by the application, enabling unauthorized retrieval, creation, modification, or deletion of database records. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network without requiring any privileges or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high, as attackers can exfiltrate sensitive data, corrupt or delete critical information, or disrupt application functionality. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the high CVSS score of 9.3 reflects the severe risk posed by this vulnerability. The absence of available patches or mitigations from the vendor increases the urgency for organizations using this product to implement compensating controls or upgrade once a fix is released. The vulnerability affects a specialized application used for fire incident reporting and management, which may contain sensitive operational and emergency response data.

For European organizations, the exploitation of this SQL Injection vulnerability could have significant consequences. Fire reporting systems are critical for emergency management, public safety, and regulatory compliance. Unauthorized access or manipulation of the database could lead to exposure of sensitive incident data, disruption of emergency response coordination, and loss of data integrity. This could undermine public trust, cause operational delays in emergency services, and potentially violate data protection regulations such as GDPR if personal or sensitive data is compromised. Additionally, attackers could leverage this vulnerability as a foothold to pivot into broader network segments, increasing the risk of further compromise. The critical nature of the vulnerability and the lack of authentication requirements make it a high-risk threat for organizations relying on this software in Europe.

Given the absence of an official patch, European organizations should immediately implement the following mitigations: 1) Apply strict input validation and sanitization on the 'teamid' parameter at the web application firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy level to block malicious SQL payloads. 2) Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements if source code access is available to developers or administrators, to eliminate SQL injection vectors. 3) Restrict access to the '/ofrs/admin/edit-team.php' endpoint by IP whitelisting or VPN-only access to limit exposure. 4) Monitor database and application logs for unusual queries or activities related to the 'teamid' parameter. 5) Conduct a thorough security audit of the OFRS deployment to identify other potential injection points. 6) Plan for an urgent upgrade or patch deployment once the vendor releases a fix. 7) Implement network segmentation to isolate the OFRS system from critical infrastructure to reduce lateral movement risk.