CVE-2025-41344 is a missing authorization vulnerability classified under CWE-862 found in CanalDenuncia.app, a platform likely used for whistleblowing or confidential reporting. The vulnerability resides in the backend API endpoint '/backend/api/verArchivo.php', specifically in the handling of the POST parameter 'id_archivo'. Due to improper authorization checks, an attacker can manipulate this parameter to access files or information belonging to other users without any authentication or privileges. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network without user interaction, making it highly accessible for attackers. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N) indicates that the attack requires no privileges or user interaction, has low complexity, and results in high confidentiality impact with no effect on integrity or availability. The affected version is listed as '0', which may indicate an initial or default version, suggesting that the vulnerability could be present in early or unpatched releases. No patches or known exploits are currently reported, but the public disclosure and severity rating highlight the urgency for remediation. The vulnerability's exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive whistleblowing reports or personal data, undermining trust and legal compliance.

For European organizations, especially those handling sensitive whistleblowing or confidential reporting data, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to data confidentiality and privacy compliance under regulations such as GDPR. Unauthorized access to whistleblower reports or personal information can lead to reputational damage, legal penalties, and loss of stakeholder trust. The lack of authentication requirement and ease of exploitation increase the likelihood of attacks, potentially enabling malicious actors to harvest sensitive data at scale. Organizations relying on CanalDenuncia.app for compliance or internal reporting may face operational disruptions if data breaches occur. Additionally, the exposure of sensitive information could have cascading effects on employee safety, corporate governance, and regulatory investigations. The impact is particularly critical for sectors with stringent data protection needs, such as finance, healthcare, and public administration.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately verify if their CanalDenuncia.app deployment is affected and apply any available patches or updates from the vendor once released. In the absence of a patch, implement strict access control mechanisms on the '/backend/api/verArchivo.php' endpoint to ensure that users can only access files they are authorized to view. This includes validating the 'id_archivo' parameter against the authenticated user's permissions server-side. Employ API gateway or web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block anomalous POST requests targeting this endpoint. Conduct thorough code reviews and penetration testing focusing on authorization logic in the application. Additionally, enable detailed logging and monitoring of API access to quickly identify and respond to suspicious activity. Educate developers and administrators about secure authorization practices to prevent similar issues. Finally, consider isolating sensitive data storage and enforcing encryption at rest and in transit to reduce exposure in case of unauthorized access.