CVE-2025-47411 is a security vulnerability identified in Apache StreamPipes, an open-source project under the Apache Software Foundation used for real-time data analytics and processing. The flaw lies in the user ID creation mechanism, where a legitimate non-administrator user can manipulate JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) to swap their username with that of an administrator. This improper privilege management (CWE-269) allows the attacker to escalate their privileges to administrative level without requiring administrator credentials or additional authentication steps. The vulnerability affects all versions through 0.97.0 and is resolved in version 0.98.0. Exploiting this vulnerability enables attackers to gain full administrative control over the application, which can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification or deletion of data streams, and disruption of critical data processing workflows. The vulnerability does not require user interaction beyond having a valid non-admin account, making it relatively easy to exploit once access is obtained. Although no public exploits have been reported yet, the potential impact is severe given the critical role of StreamPipes in data environments. The vulnerability was reserved in May 2025 and published in January 2026, with no CVSS score assigned, indicating a recent discovery and patch release cycle.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-47411 can be substantial, particularly for industries relying on real-time data analytics such as manufacturing, finance, telecommunications, and critical infrastructure. Unauthorized administrative access could lead to data integrity violations, leakage of sensitive information, and disruption of automated data pipelines. This could cause operational downtime, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations due to unauthorized data access), and reputational damage. Organizations using Apache StreamPipes in multi-tenant or cloud environments are at increased risk, as attackers could pivot from a low-privilege user to full administrative control, potentially compromising other integrated systems. The lack of known exploits in the wild provides a window for proactive mitigation, but the ease of exploitation and high privileges gained make this a critical threat to address promptly.

1. Immediate upgrade to Apache StreamPipes version 0.98.0 or later, which contains the patch for this vulnerability. 2. Implement strict access control policies to limit the number of users with non-administrator accounts and monitor account creation and privilege changes closely. 3. Employ JWT validation best practices, including verifying token integrity and claims on the server side to prevent token manipulation. 4. Enable comprehensive logging and alerting for suspicious authentication or privilege escalation attempts within StreamPipes. 5. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focused on authentication and authorization mechanisms. 6. Isolate critical StreamPipes deployments within segmented network zones to reduce lateral movement risk. 7. Educate administrators and users about the risks of privilege escalation and the importance of applying security updates promptly.