CVE-2025-48002 is a medium-severity vulnerability identified in Microsoft Windows Server 2025, specifically affecting the Server Core installation version 10.0.26100.0. The vulnerability arises from an integer overflow or wraparound condition within the Windows Hyper-V component. An integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation attempts to create a numeric value that is outside the range that can be represented with a given number of bits, causing the value to wrap around to an unintended value. In this case, the overflow can lead to improper handling of memory or data structures within Hyper-V, potentially allowing an authorized attacker to disclose sensitive information over an adjacent network. The attack vector requires local adjacent network access and low attack complexity, with the attacker needing to have some level of privileges (PR:L) but no user interaction is required. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality (C:H) but does not affect integrity or availability. The scope remains unchanged (S:U), meaning the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component without impacting other components or systems. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches or mitigations have been linked yet. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-190 (Integer Overflow or Wraparound), which often leads to memory corruption or information disclosure issues if exploited. Given the nature of Hyper-V as a virtualization platform, this vulnerability could potentially expose sensitive data from virtual machines or the host system to an attacker on the same adjacent network segment.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-48002 could be significant, especially for those relying on Windows Server 2025 with Hyper-V virtualization in their infrastructure. Information disclosure vulnerabilities can lead to leakage of sensitive data such as credentials, configuration details, or proprietary information, which could be leveraged for further attacks or espionage. Organizations in sectors like finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure that use Hyper-V for virtualization are at higher risk. Since the vulnerability requires adjacent network access and some privileges, insider threats or compromised internal systems could exploit this flaw to escalate data exposure. The lack of impact on integrity and availability reduces the risk of service disruption but does not diminish the risk of confidentiality breaches. Given the increasing adoption of cloud and virtualized environments in Europe, this vulnerability could undermine trust in virtualization security if not addressed promptly.

To mitigate CVE-2025-48002, European organizations should: 1) Monitor for official patches or updates from Microsoft and apply them immediately upon release. 2) Restrict and monitor access to Hyper-V hosts, ensuring that only authorized and trusted personnel have privileges that could be exploited. 3) Implement network segmentation to limit adjacent network access to Hyper-V hosts, reducing the attack surface. 4) Employ strict network access controls and monitoring to detect unusual lateral movement or attempts to exploit Hyper-V components. 5) Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments focused on virtualization infrastructure. 6) Consider deploying host-based intrusion detection systems (HIDS) and network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) tuned to detect anomalous behavior related to Hyper-V. 7) Educate administrators about the risks of integer overflow vulnerabilities and the importance of least privilege principles. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on access control, network segmentation, and proactive monitoring tailored to the virtualization environment.