CVE-2025-48739 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability identified in StrangeBee's TheHive product, specifically affecting versions 5.2.0 before 5.2.16, 5.3.0 before 5.3.11, 5.4.0 before 5.4.10, and 5.5.0 before 5.5.1. The vulnerability allows remote authenticated attackers who have administrative privileges—enabling access to certain API endpoints—to manipulate URLs processed by TheHive server. By crafting malicious requests, an attacker can coerce the server into sending requests to arbitrary hosts or ports, including internal network resources that are otherwise inaccessible externally. This SSRF flaw leverages the server as a proxy to bypass network segmentation and access restricted systems, potentially leading to information disclosure or further network reconnaissance. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-918, which covers SSRF issues where a server-side application makes HTTP requests based on user input without sufficient validation or filtering. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 4.6 (medium severity), reflecting that exploitation requires high privileges (admin access) and user interaction, with limited confidentiality impact and no integrity or availability impact. No known exploits are reported in the wild as of the publication date (May 23, 2025). However, given TheHive's role as an incident response and security orchestration platform, the SSRF could be leveraged to pivot within an organization's internal network, potentially exposing sensitive infrastructure components or services not intended to be externally reachable.

For European organizations, the impact of this SSRF vulnerability is significant primarily in environments where TheHive is deployed for security operations and incident response. Since TheHive often integrates with various internal systems and APIs, exploitation could allow attackers with admin credentials to bypass network controls and access internal services, potentially leading to unauthorized data access or lateral movement within the network. This could undermine the confidentiality of sensitive information and the integrity of internal systems. Although the vulnerability does not directly affect availability, the ability to reach internal resources through SSRF could facilitate further attacks that degrade service or compromise critical infrastructure. Organizations in sectors with stringent data protection requirements (e.g., finance, healthcare, government) may face regulatory and reputational risks if internal data is exposed. The requirement for admin privileges and user interaction limits the attack surface but does not eliminate risk, especially if credential compromise or insider threats exist.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should: 1) Immediately upgrade TheHive installations to versions 5.2.16, 5.3.11, 5.4.10, or 5.5.1 or later, where the SSRF flaw has been addressed. 2) Restrict administrative access to TheHive API endpoints using network segmentation, VPNs, or zero-trust access controls to minimize exposure. 3) Implement strict input validation and URL filtering on any user-supplied data that TheHive processes, if custom integrations or plugins are used. 4) Monitor and audit administrative actions and API usage logs for unusual or suspicious requests that could indicate SSRF exploitation attempts. 5) Employ network-level controls such as egress filtering and internal firewall rules to prevent TheHive server from initiating unauthorized requests to sensitive internal resources. 6) Conduct regular credential hygiene practices, including multi-factor authentication for admin accounts, to reduce the risk of credential compromise. 7) Review and limit the scope of TheHive's API permissions to the minimum necessary for operational needs.