CVE-2025-49554 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting multiple versions of Adobe Commerce, specifically versions 2.4.9-alpha1, 2.4.8-p1, 2.4.7-p6, 2.4.6-p11, 2.4.5-p13, 2.4.4-p14, and earlier. The vulnerability stems from improper input validation (CWE-20), where the application fails to correctly validate or sanitize incoming data. An attacker can exploit this flaw by sending specially crafted input to the affected Adobe Commerce application, which can cause the application to crash or become unresponsive, resulting in a denial-of-service (DoS) condition. Notably, exploitation does not require any user interaction or prior authentication, and the attack can be launched remotely over the network (CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The vulnerability impacts availability only, with no direct impact on confidentiality or integrity. The lack of required privileges and user interaction combined with network accessibility makes this vulnerability relatively easy to exploit. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the high CVSS score of 7.5 reflects the significant risk posed by this vulnerability to Adobe Commerce deployments. Adobe Commerce is a widely used e-commerce platform, and a successful DoS attack could disrupt online retail operations, causing service outages and potential revenue loss.

For European organizations using Adobe Commerce, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to the availability of their e-commerce platforms. A denial-of-service attack could render online stores inaccessible, leading to direct financial losses, damage to brand reputation, and customer trust erosion. Given the critical role of e-commerce in European retail and the increasing reliance on digital sales channels, prolonged downtime could also affect supply chains and customer satisfaction. Additionally, service disruptions could have cascading effects on payment processing and order fulfillment systems integrated with Adobe Commerce. Organizations in sectors such as retail, wholesale, and logistics that depend on Adobe Commerce for online transactions are particularly vulnerable. The lack of required authentication for exploitation increases the threat surface, allowing attackers to launch attacks from anywhere on the internet. This vulnerability also raises concerns for compliance with European regulations such as the GDPR, where service availability and data processing continuity are important considerations.

To mitigate this vulnerability effectively, European organizations should prioritize the following actions: 1) Apply official patches or updates from Adobe as soon as they become available, ensuring that all affected Adobe Commerce instances are updated to secure versions. 2) Implement robust input validation and filtering at the web application firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy level to detect and block malformed or suspicious input patterns that could trigger the DoS condition. 3) Employ rate limiting and anomaly detection mechanisms to identify and throttle unusual traffic spikes or repeated malformed requests targeting Adobe Commerce endpoints. 4) Conduct thorough security testing and code reviews focusing on input validation logic within custom extensions or integrations to prevent similar vulnerabilities. 5) Maintain comprehensive monitoring and alerting for application availability and performance metrics to enable rapid detection and response to potential DoS attacks. 6) Segment and isolate Adobe Commerce servers within the network to limit the impact of any successful exploitation and reduce lateral movement risk. 7) Develop and test incident response plans specifically addressing DoS scenarios to minimize downtime and recovery time. These measures, combined with timely patching, will significantly reduce the risk and impact of exploitation.