CVE-2025-49958 is a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the Robokassa payment gateway plugin for WooCommerce, affecting all versions up to and including 1.8.1. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of input during web page generation, which allows an attacker to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. This type of reflected XSS typically occurs when user-supplied data is included in web responses without adequate sanitization or encoding, enabling attackers to craft URLs or requests that execute arbitrary JavaScript in the victim's browser. The vulnerability does not require any privileges (no authentication needed) but does require user interaction, such as clicking on a maliciously crafted link. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.1, indicating a high severity level, with the vector indicating network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required, scope changed, and partial impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Exploitation could allow attackers to steal session cookies, perform actions on behalf of users, redirect victims to malicious sites, or conduct phishing attacks. Although no known exploits have been reported in the wild yet, the vulnerability poses a significant risk to e-commerce websites using the Robokassa payment gateway integrated with WooCommerce. The plugin is widely used in online stores, especially in regions where Robokassa is a popular payment processor. The reflected nature of the XSS means that the attack is transient and requires tricking users into visiting malicious URLs. This vulnerability highlights the importance of proper input validation and output encoding in web applications, especially in payment processing components where trust and security are paramount.

For European organizations, this vulnerability can have serious consequences, particularly for e-commerce businesses relying on WooCommerce with the Robokassa payment gateway. Exploitation could lead to theft of sensitive user information such as session tokens, enabling account takeover or fraudulent transactions. It could also facilitate phishing attacks by redirecting users to malicious sites or displaying deceptive content, damaging customer trust and brand reputation. The partial impact on availability could disrupt payment processing, leading to financial losses and operational downtime. Given the widespread use of WooCommerce in Europe and the growing e-commerce market, the vulnerability could affect a large number of online retailers, especially those targeting customers in Eastern Europe and Russia where Robokassa is more prevalent. Additionally, regulatory compliance risks arise under GDPR if personal data is compromised, potentially resulting in fines and legal consequences. The reflected XSS nature means attacks require user interaction, but social engineering techniques can increase the likelihood of successful exploitation. Overall, the vulnerability threatens confidentiality, integrity, and availability of e-commerce platforms, with cascading effects on business continuity and customer trust.

1. Immediate action should be to monitor for an official patch or update from the Robokassa plugin developers and apply it as soon as it becomes available. 2. Until a patch is released, implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules specifically designed to detect and block reflected XSS payloads targeting the Robokassa plugin endpoints. 3. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts on affected web pages, reducing the impact of potential XSS attacks. 4. Conduct thorough input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data within the payment gateway integration, ensuring that any dynamic content is properly sanitized. 5. Educate staff and customers about phishing risks and encourage vigilance against suspicious links, as exploitation requires user interaction. 6. Regularly audit and review WooCommerce plugins and dependencies for security updates and vulnerabilities. 7. Consider isolating the payment gateway functionality or using alternative payment processors with stronger security track records if patching is delayed. 8. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for administrative access to WooCommerce to reduce the impact of potential session hijacking. 9. Monitor logs for unusual activity or repeated attempts to exploit XSS vectors related to the Robokassa plugin. 10. Engage with security professionals to perform penetration testing focused on web application vulnerabilities, including XSS, to identify and remediate weaknesses proactively.