CVE-2025-51972 is a SQL Injection vulnerability identified in the login.php script of the PuneethReddyHC Online Shopping System Advanced 1.0. The root cause of this vulnerability is the improper sanitization of user-supplied input, specifically in the 'keyword' parameter sent via POST requests. SQL Injection vulnerabilities occur when untrusted input is concatenated directly into SQL queries without proper validation or parameterization, allowing attackers to manipulate the query logic. In this case, an attacker could craft malicious input in the 'keyword' POST parameter to alter the intended SQL query executed by the login.php script. This could lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or even complete compromise of the backend database. Since the vulnerability exists in the login mechanism, exploitation could allow attackers to bypass authentication controls, extract sensitive user credentials, or escalate privileges within the application. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the presence of this vulnerability in an e-commerce platform's login module makes it a critical security concern. The lack of a CVSS score suggests that the vulnerability is newly published and has not yet been fully assessed for severity or impact. The absence of patch links indicates that no official remediation is currently available, increasing the urgency for affected organizations to implement mitigations or workarounds. Given the nature of SQL Injection, exploitation requires sending crafted HTTP POST requests to the vulnerable endpoint, which does not necessarily require prior authentication but does require the attacker to interact with the web application directly.

For European organizations using the PuneethReddyHC Online Shopping System Advanced 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of their e-commerce platforms. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to customer data, including personal and payment information, potentially resulting in data breaches subject to GDPR regulations and heavy fines. The integrity of the database could be compromised, allowing attackers to alter product listings, prices, or transaction records, which could damage business reputation and cause financial losses. Additionally, attackers might gain administrative access, enabling further lateral movement within the organization's network. The availability of the service could also be impacted if attackers execute destructive SQL commands or cause database corruption. Given the critical role of online shopping systems in retail operations, such disruptions could lead to loss of customer trust and revenue. Furthermore, the vulnerability could be leveraged as a foothold for launching broader attacks against European supply chains or customers, amplifying the threat landscape.

European organizations should immediately audit their deployment of the PuneethReddyHC Online Shopping System Advanced 1.0 to identify if the vulnerable login.php script is in use. In the absence of official patches, organizations should implement the following mitigations: 1) Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL Injection attempts targeting the 'keyword' POST parameter. 2) Conduct input validation and sanitization at the application level by enforcing strict whitelisting of allowed characters and rejecting suspicious input patterns before they reach the database layer. 3) Modify the application code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent direct concatenation of user input into SQL commands. 4) Monitor application logs for unusual login attempts or malformed POST requests indicative of exploitation attempts. 5) Restrict database user privileges associated with the web application to the minimum necessary, limiting the potential damage of a successful injection. 6) Plan and prioritize upgrading or replacing the vulnerable system with a secure alternative or patched version once available. 7) Educate development and security teams on secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future deployments.