CVE-2025-52464 is a critical vulnerability affecting Meshtastic firmware versions greater than 2.5.0 and less than 2.6.11. Meshtastic is an open-source mesh networking solution that utilizes LoRa technology for decentralized communication. The vulnerability arises from insufficient entropy during the key generation process, specifically due to two main issues: first, the flashing procedure used by several hardware vendors resulted in duplicated public/private key pairs across devices; second, on some platforms, the firmware failed to properly initialize its internal randomness pool, leading to low-entropy cryptographic keys. This weakness compromises the cryptographic strength of the keys, making it feasible for an attacker who has compiled a list of these duplicated or weak keys to decrypt Direct Messages sent between affected devices. The flaw impacts confidentiality and integrity of communications within the mesh network. The vulnerability was addressed in version 2.6.11 by delaying key generation until the LoRa region is set, which improves entropy sources, and by warning users when compromised keys are detected. Version 2.6.12 further enhances security by automatically wiping known compromised keys upon detection. A practical workaround involves users performing a complete device wipe to remove vendor-cloned keys and force regeneration of secure keys. The CVSS 4.0 score is 9.5 (critical), reflecting the network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact on confidentiality and integrity. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality of mesh network communications if exploited.

For European organizations using Meshtastic devices, especially those relying on secure mesh communications for field operations, emergency services, or remote monitoring, this vulnerability can lead to severe confidentiality breaches. Attackers capable of intercepting LoRa transmissions could decrypt sensitive Direct Messages, potentially exposing operational details, personal data, or strategic communications. The integrity of messages could also be undermined if attackers leverage compromised keys to impersonate devices or inject false data. This risk is heightened in critical infrastructure sectors, public safety, and defense-related applications where secure, resilient communication is paramount. The duplicated keys and weak entropy issues mean that a relatively low-effort attacker could compromise multiple devices, amplifying the scope of impact. Additionally, the lack of user interaction or privileges required for exploitation facilitates remote attacks. The vulnerability could undermine trust in mesh networking solutions and disrupt operations relying on these devices across Europe.

European organizations should immediately verify the firmware versions of their Meshtastic devices and upgrade all affected units to version 2.6.12 or later to benefit from automatic detection and wiping of compromised keys. Prior to upgrade, a complete device wipe is recommended to remove any vendor-cloned or weak keys, ensuring fresh, high-entropy key generation. Organizations should enforce strict supply chain controls to avoid devices flashed with vulnerable firmware or vendor-cloned keys. Network monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual LoRa traffic patterns that might indicate interception or replay attacks. Where possible, implement additional layers of encryption or authentication at the application layer to mitigate risks from compromised keys. Training and awareness programs should inform users about the importance of firmware updates and device wiping procedures. Finally, organizations should engage with hardware vendors to confirm that flashing procedures have been corrected to prevent key duplication in future devices.