CVE-2025-53052 is a vulnerability identified in the Oracle Workflow component of Oracle E-Business Suite, specifically affecting versions 12.2.3 through 12.2.14. The flaw resides in the Workflow Notification Mailer and allows an unauthenticated attacker with network access over HTTP to compromise the Oracle Workflow system. Exploitation requires user interaction from a third party, meaning the attacker must trick or convince another user to perform an action that triggers the vulnerability. The vulnerability enables unauthorized update, insert, or delete operations on Oracle Workflow accessible data, as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of this data. Due to scope change, the impact may extend beyond Oracle Workflow to other integrated Oracle products, potentially amplifying the damage. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N) indicates network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required, scope changed, with low confidentiality and integrity impacts and no availability impact. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control), highlighting insufficient enforcement of access restrictions. No patches or known exploits are currently available, but the vulnerability's ease of exploitation and potential impact on data integrity and confidentiality make it a significant concern for organizations relying on Oracle Workflow for business processes.

For European organizations, the vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data manipulation and disclosure within Oracle Workflow environments, potentially affecting business-critical workflows and data integrity. Since Oracle Workflow is often integrated with other Oracle E-Business Suite components, the scope change means that exploitation could cascade to other systems, increasing operational risk. Unauthorized data changes could lead to financial discrepancies, compliance violations (e.g., GDPR due to unauthorized data access), and disruption of automated business processes. The requirement for user interaction suggests phishing or social engineering could be used as an exploitation vector, increasing the risk in environments with less mature security awareness. The lack of availability impact reduces the risk of denial-of-service but does not diminish the threat to data confidentiality and integrity. European organizations in finance, manufacturing, public sector, and utilities that rely heavily on Oracle E-Business Suite are particularly vulnerable. Additionally, regulatory scrutiny in Europe means data breaches or unauthorized data manipulation could result in significant legal and reputational consequences.

1. Apply patches or updates from Oracle as soon as they become available, even though no patch links are currently provided, monitor Oracle security advisories closely. 2. Restrict network access to Oracle Workflow HTTP interfaces using network segmentation, firewalls, and access control lists to limit exposure to trusted internal users only. 3. Implement strong user awareness and training programs to reduce the risk of successful social engineering or phishing attacks that could trigger the required user interaction. 4. Enable detailed logging and monitoring of Oracle Workflow activities to detect anomalous update, insert, or delete operations promptly. 5. Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) where possible for accessing Oracle E-Business Suite components to add an additional security layer. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on Oracle Workflow and related components to identify and remediate weaknesses. 7. Review and tighten access control policies within Oracle Workflow to ensure least privilege principles are enforced. 8. Consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block exploitation attempts targeting Oracle Workflow HTTP endpoints.