CVE-2025-53145 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-843 (Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type, also known as 'type confusion') found in Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507 (build 10.0.10240.0). The flaw exists within the Windows Message Queuing (MSMQ) service, which handles message delivery between distributed applications. The vulnerability allows an attacker who is authorized on the network and has limited privileges (PR:L) to exploit a type confusion bug, where the system accesses a resource using an incorrect or incompatible data type. This can lead to memory corruption, enabling the attacker to execute arbitrary code remotely (AV:N) without requiring user interaction (UI:N). The vulnerability affects system confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as it can lead to full system compromise. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 8.8 (high), reflecting the ease of exploitation due to low attack complexity and no user interaction, combined with the severe impact on the system. No patches or known exploits are currently publicly available, but the vulnerability is officially published and should be addressed promptly. The affected version is an early release of Windows 10, which, despite being legacy, remains in use in some enterprise and industrial environments. The vulnerability’s exploitation vector is network-based, making it a significant risk for exposed MSMQ services.

The potential impact of CVE-2025-53145 is severe for organizations still running Windows 10 Version 1507, especially those utilizing Windows Message Queuing for inter-application communication. Successful exploitation can lead to remote code execution, allowing attackers to gain control over affected systems. This compromises confidentiality by exposing sensitive data, integrity by enabling unauthorized code execution and system manipulation, and availability by potentially causing system crashes or denial of service. Given the network-based attack vector and lack of required user interaction, attackers can automate exploitation, increasing risk. Organizations with legacy systems in critical infrastructure, manufacturing, or enterprise environments that rely on MSMQ are particularly vulnerable. The absence of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk but also means organizations must act proactively. The vulnerability could be leveraged in targeted attacks or lateral movement within compromised networks, increasing overall threat exposure.

1. Upgrade to a supported and fully patched version of Windows 10 or later to eliminate the vulnerability, as Windows 10 Version 1507 is legacy and no official patch links are provided. 2. If upgrading is not immediately feasible, restrict network access to MSMQ services using firewalls or network segmentation to limit exposure to authorized and trusted hosts only. 3. Disable Windows Message Queuing if it is not required for business operations to reduce the attack surface. 4. Monitor network traffic for unusual MSMQ activity or signs of exploitation attempts, leveraging intrusion detection systems with MSMQ protocol awareness. 5. Implement strict access controls and least privilege principles for accounts authorized to interact with MSMQ to reduce the risk of exploitation by authorized attackers. 6. Maintain up-to-date endpoint detection and response solutions capable of identifying anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation. 7. Regularly audit legacy systems and plan migration strategies to supported OS versions to avoid exposure to unpatched vulnerabilities.