CVE-2025-54111 is a use-after-free vulnerability classified under CWE-416, found in the Windows UI XAML Phone DatePickerFlyout component of Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507 (build 10.0.10240.0). This vulnerability arises when the system improperly manages memory, allowing an attacker to reference memory after it has been freed, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or privilege escalation. The flaw specifically allows an authorized local attacker with low privileges to elevate their privileges to higher levels without requiring user interaction. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8, indicating high severity, with attack vector local (AV:L), attack complexity high (AC:H), privileges required low (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and scope changed (S:C). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H), meaning successful exploitation could compromise system security comprehensively. The vulnerability was reserved in July 2025 and published in September 2025, with no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication. The affected product is an early release of Windows 10, which is largely out of mainstream support, but still in use in some environments. No official patches or mitigation links are provided yet, indicating that organizations must rely on other defensive measures until updates are available.

The vulnerability allows local attackers with low privileges to escalate their privileges, potentially gaining administrative or SYSTEM-level access. This can lead to full system compromise, unauthorized access to sensitive data, installation of persistent malware, and disruption of system availability. Because the flaw affects confidentiality, integrity, and availability, the impact is severe for organizations relying on affected Windows 10 versions. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability could bypass security controls, disable security software, and move laterally within networks. The requirement for local access and high attack complexity reduces the likelihood of widespread exploitation but does not eliminate risk in environments where attackers have footholds or insider access. Legacy systems running Windows 10 Version 1507 are particularly vulnerable, and organizations with critical infrastructure, government, or financial sectors could face significant operational and reputational damage if exploited.

1. Upgrade affected systems to a supported and fully patched version of Windows 10 or later to eliminate the vulnerability. 2. Until patches are available, restrict local access to trusted users only and enforce strict access controls and user privilege management. 3. Employ application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor and block suspicious local privilege escalation attempts. 4. Conduct regular audits of user accounts and permissions to minimize the number of users with local access and low privileges that could be leveraged. 5. Use virtualization or sandboxing for untrusted applications to limit potential exploitation vectors. 6. Monitor system logs and security alerts for unusual activity indicative of exploitation attempts. 7. Educate IT staff and users about the risks of local privilege escalation vulnerabilities and the importance of timely updates. 8. Prepare incident response plans specifically addressing local privilege escalation scenarios to enable rapid containment and remediation.