CVE-2025-54193 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability (CWE-125) affecting Adobe Substance3D - Painter versions 11.0.2 and earlier. This vulnerability arises when the software improperly handles memory boundaries while processing certain input data, leading to the potential disclosure of sensitive memory contents. The flaw requires user interaction, specifically that a victim opens a maliciously crafted file within the vulnerable application. Exploitation does not require any privileges or authentication but does require the victim to perform the action of opening the file. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality by potentially exposing sensitive information from the application's memory space, but it does not affect integrity or availability. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium severity), with vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N, indicating local attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required, unchanged scope, high confidentiality impact, and no impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet. Given the nature of the vulnerability, it is likely exploitable via social engineering or targeted attacks involving malicious files designed to trigger the out-of-bounds read when opened in Substance3D - Painter. This could lead to leakage of sensitive data such as proprietary design assets, credentials, or other memory-resident secrets relevant to the user or organization.

For European organizations, especially those involved in digital content creation, 3D modeling, game development, and visual effects, this vulnerability poses a risk of sensitive data leakage. Adobe Substance3D - Painter is widely used in creative industries, including advertising, media, and entertainment sectors prevalent in countries like Germany, France, and the UK. Exposure of sensitive memory could lead to intellectual property theft, loss of competitive advantage, or leakage of confidential project details. Although the vulnerability does not allow code execution or system compromise, the confidentiality breach could have significant business impact, especially for organizations handling sensitive client data or proprietary designs. The requirement for user interaction means that phishing or social engineering campaigns could be used to deliver malicious files, increasing the risk in environments where users frequently exchange or open third-party files. Additionally, organizations with remote or hybrid workforces may face elevated risk if secure file handling policies are not enforced. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, as attackers may develop exploits in the future.

Organizations should implement the following specific mitigations: 1) Educate users on the risks of opening files from untrusted or unknown sources, emphasizing caution with files purportedly related to 3D content or design projects. 2) Enforce strict file validation and scanning policies for all files opened in Adobe Substance3D - Painter, including use of advanced endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting malformed or malicious files. 3) Monitor and restrict the use of Adobe Substance3D - Painter to trusted users and environments, applying application whitelisting and sandboxing where feasible to limit exposure. 4) Maintain up-to-date backups of critical design assets to mitigate potential data loss from related attacks. 5) Track Adobe security advisories closely and apply patches promptly once available, as no patch is currently linked. 6) Implement network segmentation and data loss prevention (DLP) controls to detect and prevent unauthorized exfiltration of sensitive data that could result from exploitation. 7) Consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools to identify suspicious behaviors related to file handling in Substance3D - Painter. These targeted measures go beyond generic advice by focusing on user behavior, file handling policies, and proactive monitoring tailored to the specific application and threat vector.