CVE-2025-55976 is a security vulnerability affecting the Intelbras IWR 3000N router firmware version 1.9.8. The vulnerability arises from the exposure of the Wi-Fi password in plaintext via the device's /api/wireless endpoint. This endpoint can be queried by any unauthenticated user connected to the local network, allowing them to retrieve the Wi-Fi network password without any authentication or authorization. This flaw indicates a critical design and implementation weakness in the router's API security, as sensitive credentials are not protected or encrypted when accessed internally. The vulnerability does not require any user interaction beyond network access, and no authentication is needed to exploit it. Although there are no known exploits in the wild at the time of publication, the simplicity of the attack vector and the sensitive nature of the exposed information make it a significant risk. The vulnerability could allow an attacker who gains local network access—such as a visitor, an insider, or a compromised device—to escalate their access by connecting to the Wi-Fi network, potentially leading to further lateral movement, data interception, or network compromise. The lack of a CVSS score suggests this is a newly published vulnerability, but the technical details clearly indicate a high-risk exposure of confidential information.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to network security and confidentiality. Many organizations rely on Wi-Fi networks for internal communications, and exposure of Wi-Fi credentials can lead to unauthorized network access. Once inside the network, attackers can intercept sensitive data, launch man-in-the-middle attacks, deploy malware, or pivot to other critical systems. This is especially concerning for organizations with sensitive or regulated data, such as financial institutions, healthcare providers, and government agencies. The vulnerability also undermines trust in network infrastructure and can lead to compliance violations under regulations like GDPR if unauthorized access results in data breaches. Additionally, the vulnerability could be exploited in environments such as offices, public Wi-Fi hotspots, or shared workspaces where local network access is easier to obtain. The risk is amplified in organizations that do not segment their networks or lack robust internal monitoring and access controls.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should first check if they are using the Intelbras IWR 3000N router with firmware version 1.9.8 or similar affected versions. Since no official patch or update is currently available, immediate mitigation steps include: 1) Restrict local network access to trusted users and devices only, employing network access control (NAC) solutions to limit who can connect to the LAN or Wi-Fi. 2) Segment the network to isolate critical systems and sensitive data from general Wi-Fi access, reducing the impact of unauthorized Wi-Fi access. 3) Disable or restrict access to the /api/wireless endpoint if possible, either through router configuration or firewall rules. 4) Monitor network traffic for unusual access patterns or unauthorized devices connecting to the Wi-Fi network. 5) Change Wi-Fi passwords regularly and use complex, strong passphrases to reduce the window of opportunity for attackers. 6) Consider deploying additional security layers such as WPA3 encryption and enterprise-grade authentication mechanisms (e.g., 802.1X) to enhance Wi-Fi security. 7) Engage with Intelbras support or vendors for firmware updates or patches addressing this vulnerability. 8) Educate staff about the risks of connecting unknown devices to the local network and encourage reporting of suspicious activity.