CVE-2025-57293 is a command injection vulnerability identified in the COMFAST CF-XR11 router firmware version 2.7.2. The flaw exists within the multi_pppoe API endpoint, specifically handled by the sub_423930 function in the /usr/bin/webmgnt binary. The vulnerability arises because the phy_interface parameter, which is passed via a POST request to the /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET&section=multi_pppoe endpoint, is not properly sanitized. When the action parameter is set to "one_click_redial", the unsanitized phy_interface value is directly used in a system() call, allowing an attacker to inject arbitrary shell commands. This lack of input validation enables remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device with the privileges of the web management process, potentially leading to unauthorized access to sensitive files, execution of arbitrary code, or full device compromise. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, making it exploitable remotely by sending crafted HTTP POST requests. Although no known exploits have been reported in the wild yet, the nature of the vulnerability and the direct use of system() calls indicate a high risk of exploitation once a proof-of-concept or exploit code becomes available. The absence of a CVSS score suggests this is a newly disclosed vulnerability, but the technical details clearly indicate a critical security issue affecting the device's firmware.

For European organizations, especially those relying on COMFAST CF-XR11 routers for network connectivity, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Successful exploitation can lead to full device compromise, allowing attackers to intercept, manipulate, or disrupt network traffic. This could result in data breaches involving sensitive corporate information, unauthorized lateral movement within internal networks, or the deployment of persistent malware. The compromise of network infrastructure devices like routers can also lead to denial of service conditions, impacting business continuity. Given that routers often serve as the first line of defense and gateway to internal networks, this vulnerability could undermine the overall security posture of affected organizations. Additionally, critical infrastructure sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government agencies in Europe could face heightened risks due to the strategic importance of their network devices and the potential for espionage or sabotage. The lack of authentication requirement and ease of exploitation further exacerbate the threat, increasing the likelihood of automated attacks targeting vulnerable devices.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should immediately identify and inventory all COMFAST CF-XR11 devices running firmware version 2.7.2. Since no official patches or firmware updates are currently available, organizations should implement the following specific measures: 1) Restrict access to the router's management interface by limiting it to trusted internal IP addresses and disabling remote management over the internet. 2) Employ network segmentation to isolate vulnerable devices from critical network segments, reducing the potential impact of compromise. 3) Monitor network traffic for unusual POST requests to /cgi-bin/mbox-config with suspicious parameters, using intrusion detection systems or web application firewalls configured with custom rules to detect and block exploitation attempts. 4) Disable or restrict the multi_pppoe API endpoint if it is not essential for operational purposes. 5) Engage with COMFAST support channels to obtain firmware updates or patches as soon as they become available. 6) Consider replacing vulnerable devices with alternative hardware from vendors with a strong security track record if timely patches are not forthcoming. 7) Conduct regular security audits and penetration tests focusing on network infrastructure devices to detect similar vulnerabilities proactively.