CVE-2025-57293 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability affecting the COMFAST CF-XR11 device running firmware version 2.7.2. The vulnerability exists in the multi_pppoe API endpoint, specifically within the sub_423930 function located in the /usr/bin/webmgnt binary. The issue arises because the phy_interface parameter, which is passed via a POST request to the /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET&section=multi_pppoe endpoint, is not properly sanitized. When the action parameter is set to "one_click_redial", the unsanitized phy_interface value is used directly in a system() call, which executes shell commands on the device. This lack of input validation allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary commands, leading to potential full device compromise. Exploitation could result in unauthorized access to sensitive files, arbitrary code execution, and complete control over the affected device. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command), and has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8, reflecting its critical impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability with no privileges required but user interaction needed (e.g., sending a crafted POST request). No known public exploits have been reported yet, and no patches are currently available.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses significant risks, especially for enterprises and service providers relying on COMFAST CF-XR11 devices for network connectivity or infrastructure. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to gain persistent control over network devices, enabling interception or manipulation of network traffic, disruption of services, or lateral movement within corporate networks. This could lead to data breaches involving sensitive customer or corporate information, disruption of critical business operations, and potential regulatory non-compliance under GDPR due to unauthorized data access. The vulnerability's remote exploitation capability without authentication increases the attack surface, making it attractive for attackers targeting European networks. Additionally, compromised devices could be leveraged as entry points for broader attacks against European organizations or as part of botnets affecting regional internet stability.

Given the absence of official patches, European organizations should immediately implement compensating controls. These include restricting access to the device management interface by enforcing network segmentation and firewall rules to limit access to trusted IP addresses only. Disable or restrict the vulnerable multi_pppoe API endpoint if possible. Monitor network traffic for suspicious POST requests targeting /cgi-bin/mbox-config with the method=SET and section=multi_pppoe parameters. Employ intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with custom signatures to detect attempts to exploit this command injection. Regularly audit device firmware versions and plan for timely updates once patches become available. Additionally, enforce strong network access controls and consider replacing vulnerable devices with more secure alternatives if patching is not feasible in the short term. Educate network administrators about the risk and signs of exploitation to enable rapid incident response.