CVE-2025-58284 is a permission control vulnerability categorized under CWE-264, found in the network module of Huawei's HarmonyOS versions 5.0.1 and 5.1.0. The flaw arises from improper enforcement of permissions, allowing a low-privileged local user to escalate their access rights and gain unauthorized access to confidential network service information. The CVSS v3.1 score of 5.9 reflects a medium severity, with an attack vector requiring local access (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), low privileges (PR:L), and user interaction (UI:R). The scope is changed (S:C), indicating that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the initially compromised component. The impact is primarily on confidentiality (C:H), with no impact on integrity (I:N) or availability (A:N). This suggests that while the attacker cannot modify or disrupt services, they can access sensitive data that should be protected. No public exploits or patches are currently available, increasing the urgency for organizations to implement interim mitigations. The vulnerability could be exploited by malicious insiders or through social engineering to trick users into performing actions that enable the exploit. Given HarmonyOS's growing deployment in IoT devices, smartphones, and network equipment, this vulnerability could be leveraged to compromise sensitive communications or data flows within affected devices.

For European organizations, the confidentiality breach could expose sensitive network service data, potentially revealing internal communications, configurations, or user information. This is particularly critical for sectors relying on Huawei HarmonyOS devices, such as telecommunications providers, smart city infrastructure, and enterprises using Huawei IoT devices. The vulnerability could facilitate espionage, data leakage, or unauthorized surveillance. While integrity and availability are not impacted, the loss of confidentiality can undermine trust, violate data protection regulations like GDPR, and lead to reputational damage. The requirement for local access and user interaction limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk from insider threats or compromised endpoints. Organizations with Huawei device ecosystems must be vigilant to prevent lateral movement and privilege escalation that could leverage this vulnerability.

1. Restrict local access to HarmonyOS devices by enforcing strict physical and logical access controls, including strong authentication and session management. 2. Educate users about the risks of social engineering and the importance of not performing untrusted actions that require elevated privileges. 3. Monitor device logs and network traffic for unusual privilege escalation attempts or unauthorized access patterns. 4. Implement endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of identifying suspicious local activity on HarmonyOS devices. 5. Segregate Huawei HarmonyOS devices on separate network segments to limit potential lateral movement. 6. Regularly review and harden permission settings on affected devices to minimize unnecessary privileges. 7. Stay alert for official Huawei patches or advisories and apply updates promptly once available. 8. Coordinate with Huawei support channels to obtain guidance and potential mitigations specific to this vulnerability.