CVE-2025-58284 identifies a permissions and access control vulnerability (CWE-264) within the network module of Huawei's HarmonyOS versions 5.0.1 and 5.1.0. This vulnerability arises from improper enforcement of permission checks, allowing a local attacker with low privileges to exploit the flaw with user interaction. The attacker can gain unauthorized access to sensitive service data, compromising confidentiality without affecting data integrity or system availability. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.9 (medium), reflecting the local attack vector (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), required privileges (PR:L), and user interaction (UI:R), with a scope change (S:C) indicating that the vulnerability affects resources beyond the initially compromised component. The vulnerability was reserved in August 2025 and published in October 2025, with no known exploits or patches currently available. The network module is critical for communication and data exchange, so unauthorized access here could expose sensitive information or internal service details. The lack of integrity or availability impact suggests the attacker cannot modify or disrupt services but can eavesdrop or extract confidential data. This vulnerability is particularly relevant for environments where HarmonyOS devices are deployed, including enterprise and industrial IoT contexts. The absence of patches necessitates immediate mitigation through access control hardening and monitoring.

For European organizations, the primary impact is the potential exposure of confidential service data within HarmonyOS-powered devices, which could lead to information leakage and compromise of sensitive communications. This is especially critical for sectors relying on Huawei devices for network communications, such as telecommunications, manufacturing, and critical infrastructure. The confidentiality breach could facilitate further targeted attacks, espionage, or data theft. Since the vulnerability requires local access and user interaction, insider threats or compromised endpoints pose a higher risk. The medium severity indicates a moderate risk level, but the scope change means that the attacker could affect components beyond their initial access, increasing potential damage. Organizations with integrated Huawei HarmonyOS devices in their operational technology or enterprise environments should consider this vulnerability a significant concern for data confidentiality and compliance with data protection regulations like GDPR.

1. Restrict local user privileges on HarmonyOS devices to the minimum necessary, preventing untrusted users from accessing the network module. 2. Implement strict access control policies and audit permissions related to network services on affected HarmonyOS versions. 3. Monitor and log user interactions and network module activities to detect anomalous behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. 4. Isolate HarmonyOS devices handling sensitive data from less trusted networks or users to reduce exposure. 5. Educate users about the risks of interacting with untrusted applications or prompts that could trigger exploitation. 6. Engage with Huawei for timely patch releases and apply updates as soon as they become available. 7. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on local privilege escalation and permission controls within HarmonyOS environments. 8. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of identifying suspicious local activities related to network modules.