CVE-2025-58732 is a use-after-free vulnerability classified under CWE-416 that affects Inbox COM Objects in Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 17763.0). This vulnerability arises when the system improperly manages memory, allowing an attacker to reference and execute code from memory that has already been freed. The flaw can be exploited by an unauthorized attacker with local access who can trick a user into performing an action (user interaction required), leading to arbitrary code execution with high impact on system confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.0, indicating high severity, with attack vector local (AV:L), attack complexity high (AC:H), no privileges required (PR:N), and user interaction required (UI:R). The scope remains unchanged (S:U), but the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no official patches have been released as of the publication date (October 14, 2025). The vulnerability is significant because it could allow attackers to escalate privileges or execute malicious code locally, potentially compromising sensitive data or disrupting operations. The affected Windows 10 version 1809 is an older release but still present in some enterprise environments, especially those with slower upgrade cycles or legacy application dependencies.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-58732 can be substantial, particularly in sectors relying on Windows 10 Version 1809 systems. Successful exploitation could lead to local privilege escalation, unauthorized code execution, and full system compromise. This threatens confidentiality by exposing sensitive data, integrity by allowing unauthorized modifications, and availability by potentially causing system crashes or denial of service. Organizations in critical infrastructure, government, finance, and healthcare sectors are especially vulnerable due to the sensitive nature of their data and operations. The requirement for local access and user interaction limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk, as insider threats or social engineering attacks could facilitate exploitation. The lack of patches increases the window of exposure, necessitating immediate risk mitigation. Additionally, legacy systems that cannot be upgraded quickly remain at risk, potentially creating attack vectors for lateral movement within networks.

1. Immediately restrict local access to systems running Windows 10 Version 1809, enforcing strict user account controls and limiting administrative privileges. 2. Implement application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor and block suspicious behaviors indicative of exploitation attempts. 3. Educate users about the risks of social engineering and the necessity to avoid executing untrusted code or clicking on suspicious prompts that could trigger the vulnerability. 4. Conduct thorough audits to identify all systems running the affected Windows 10 version and prioritize them for upgrade to a supported, patched Windows version. 5. Until an official patch is released, consider deploying temporary mitigations such as disabling or restricting the use of Inbox COM Objects if feasible without disrupting business operations. 6. Monitor security advisories from Microsoft closely and prepare for rapid deployment of patches once available. 7. Employ network segmentation to limit the potential spread of an exploit from compromised local machines. 8. Use enhanced logging and alerting to detect unusual local activity that may indicate exploitation attempts.