CVE-2025-59196 is a race condition vulnerability identified in the Windows SSDP (Simple Service Discovery Protocol) Service component of Microsoft Windows 11 Version 25H2 (build 10.0.26200.0). The flaw arises from improper synchronization when multiple threads or processes concurrently access shared resources, leading to a state where an attacker with local, low-privilege access can manipulate the timing of operations to escalate privileges. Specifically, the race condition allows the attacker to interfere with the SSDP service’s internal resource management, potentially executing code or actions with elevated privileges. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-362, which involves concurrent execution issues that can cause unpredictable behavior or security breaches. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.0, indicating high severity, with vector metrics AV:L (local attack vector), AC:H (high attack complexity), PR:L (low privileges required), UI:N (no user interaction), and full impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). No public exploits or patches are currently available, but the vulnerability’s presence in a core Windows service makes it a significant risk once exploited. The vulnerability was reserved in early September 2025 and published in mid-October 2025, indicating recent discovery and disclosure. The SSDP service is commonly enabled on Windows systems for network device discovery, increasing the attack surface in environments where local user access is possible.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the widespread use of Windows 11 25H2 in enterprise and government environments. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker with local access—such as a compromised user account or insider threat—to gain elevated privileges, potentially leading to full system compromise. This could result in unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of critical services, and the ability to deploy further malware or ransomware. Sectors with high reliance on Windows endpoints, including finance, healthcare, manufacturing, and public administration, are particularly vulnerable. The vulnerability’s impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability means that attacks could lead to data breaches, operational downtime, and regulatory non-compliance under GDPR. The lack of current exploits reduces immediate risk but also means organizations must proactively prepare for potential future attacks once exploit code becomes available.

1. Restrict local access: Limit the number of users with local access rights on Windows 11 25H2 systems, especially in sensitive environments. 2. Implement strict user privilege management: Enforce the principle of least privilege to reduce the risk of privilege escalation. 3. Monitor and audit local user activities for suspicious behavior that could indicate exploitation attempts. 4. Disable or restrict the SSDP service if it is not required for operational purposes, reducing the attack surface. 5. Apply security hardening policies that prevent unauthorized code execution and privilege escalation. 6. Prepare for patch deployment by inventorying affected systems and establishing rapid update procedures once Microsoft releases a patch. 7. Use endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools capable of detecting anomalous local privilege escalation attempts. 8. Educate users and administrators about the risks of local privilege escalation vulnerabilities and the importance of maintaining secure local accounts.