CVE-2025-5941 is a security vulnerability identified in the Netskope Client, specifically an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) issue. This vulnerability arises from improper handling of DNS packets by the Netskope agent (NS Client), where a crafted DNS packet can trigger a memory leak. The flaw allows an attacker to cause the client to read memory beyond the intended buffer boundaries, potentially leaking user-controllable memory related to domain names stored locally on the machine. Exploitation requires administrative privileges or elevated rights depending on the system configuration, and no user interaction is needed. The vulnerability has a low CVSS 4.0 score of 2.0, reflecting limited impact and high attack complexity. There are no known exploits in the wild, and no patches have been released yet. The vulnerability affects version 0 of the Netskope Client, which likely refers to early or specific builds. The out-of-bounds read could lead to information disclosure, but does not appear to allow code execution or privilege escalation directly. The issue is triggered remotely via network traffic (crafted DNS packets), but requires local elevated privileges to exploit effectively. Overall, this vulnerability represents a low-severity information leak risk within environments using the Netskope Client for cloud security and network traffic inspection.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-5941 is primarily related to confidentiality concerns. Since the vulnerability can leak memory contents related to domain names stored locally, sensitive information about network configurations or internal domain structures could be exposed. However, the requirement for administrative privileges significantly limits the attack surface, as an attacker would need to have already compromised or have insider access to the endpoint. The low CVSS score and lack of known exploits suggest minimal immediate risk. Nonetheless, organizations relying on Netskope Client for cloud access security broker (CASB) functions or secure web gateways could face targeted reconnaissance attempts by advanced threat actors aiming to gather intelligence on network topology or user activity. The vulnerability does not impact availability or integrity directly, so operational disruption is unlikely. European entities with strict data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR) should consider the potential for information leakage as a compliance risk, especially in sectors handling sensitive or regulated data such as finance, healthcare, and government.

To mitigate CVE-2025-5941 effectively, European organizations should: 1) Ensure that the Netskope Client is updated promptly once a patch is released by the vendor, as no patch is currently available. 2) Restrict administrative privileges on endpoints running the Netskope Client to trusted personnel only, minimizing the risk of privilege abuse. 3) Monitor DNS traffic for anomalous or malformed packets that could indicate attempts to exploit this vulnerability, using network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) with DNS anomaly detection capabilities. 4) Implement endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to detect suspicious activity related to memory access or unusual DNS packet processing. 5) Conduct regular security audits and privilege reviews to reduce the number of users with elevated rights. 6) Employ network segmentation to isolate critical systems and limit exposure to crafted DNS packets from untrusted networks. 7) Educate IT staff about this vulnerability to ensure timely response and awareness of potential exploitation scenarios. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on privilege management, network monitoring specific to DNS, and proactive endpoint security tailored to the Netskope Client environment.