CVE-2025-63686 identifies an arbitrary file download vulnerability within the GuoMinJim PersonManage system, introduced through commit 5a02b1ab208feacf3a34fc123c9381162afbaa95 dated November 23, 2020. The flaw resides in the document query function accessible via the Download Center menu, where insufficient access controls allow unauthenticated attackers to request and retrieve arbitrary files from the server filesystem. This vulnerability is categorized under CWE-284, indicating improper access control mechanisms. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 reflects a medium severity level, with attack vector classified as network (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), and no user interaction needed (UI:N). The impact affects integrity and availability but not confidentiality directly, as the attacker can download files that may alter system integrity or disrupt service availability. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, and no patches have been officially released, which suggests that the vulnerability might be newly disclosed or under analysis. The lack of affected versions specified implies that the vulnerability may impact multiple or all versions of the PersonManage system prior to remediation. The arbitrary file download can be leveraged by attackers to exfiltrate sensitive files, potentially leading to further exploitation or reconnaissance. Given the nature of the vulnerability, it is critical for organizations using PersonManage to audit their systems, restrict access to the Download Center, and monitor for unusual file access patterns.

For European organizations, the arbitrary file download vulnerability in PersonManage could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive internal documents or configuration files, undermining data integrity and potentially impacting service availability if critical files are accessed or manipulated. This could affect personnel management systems, leading to operational disruptions or exposure of employee data. Organizations in sectors such as government, healthcare, or critical infrastructure that rely on PersonManage for personnel administration are particularly at risk. The vulnerability's ease of exploitation without authentication increases the likelihood of attacks, especially from external threat actors. While no known exploits exist yet, the medium severity score and network accessibility mean that attackers could develop exploits rapidly once the vulnerability is public knowledge. This could result in targeted attacks against European entities using this software, potentially leading to reputational damage, regulatory penalties under GDPR if personal data is exposed, and operational downtime.

Since no official patches are currently available, European organizations should immediately implement compensating controls. These include restricting network access to the PersonManage Download Center function via firewalls or VPNs, enforcing strict access control policies, and disabling the document query function if feasible. Monitoring and logging all file download requests should be enhanced to detect anomalous or unauthorized access attempts. Conducting a thorough audit of accessible files and permissions on the server hosting PersonManage can help identify and close potential exposure points. Organizations should also prepare for rapid patch deployment once a fix is released by the vendor. Additionally, applying web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block arbitrary file download patterns can provide a temporary protective layer. Employee awareness and incident response plans should be updated to address potential exploitation scenarios. Finally, engaging with the vendor for timely updates and vulnerability disclosures is critical to ensure long-term remediation.