CVE-2025-8991VulnerabilityPublished 15 Aug 2025

CVE-2025-8991: linlinjava litemall · Business Logic Errors

Affects linlinjava litemallSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 5.3 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 27% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 15 Aug 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
linlinjava litemall	Affected =1.0 =1.1 =1.2 =1.3 =1.4 =1.5 =1.6 =1.7 =1.8.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should first verify if they are running affected versions of litemall (1.0 through 1.8.0). In the interim, they should implement strict input validation and sanitization on the 'litemall_express_freight_min' parameter to prevent unauthorized manipulation. Access to the /admin/config/express endpoint should be restricted using network-level controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure. Additionally, implementing web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block anomalous requests targeting this parameter can reduce risk. Regular auditing of business logic configurations and monitoring for unusual changes or shipping cost anomalies can help detect exploitation attempts. Finally, organizations should consider upgrading to a version of litemall that addresses this vulnerability once available.

Description

A vulnerability was identified in linlinjava litemall up to 1.8.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /admin/config/express of the component Business Logic Handler. The manipulation of the argument litemall_express_freight_min leads to business logic errors. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Impact

For European organizations using the litemall platform, this vulnerability could lead to financial losses or operational disruptions. Attackers could exploit the flaw to manipulate shipping cost calculations, potentially allowing unauthorized discounts, free shipping, or incorrect freight charges. This could result in revenue loss, customer dissatisfaction, or reputational damage. Additionally, if business logic errors affect order processing or logistics workflows, it could cause delays or errors in order fulfillment. Given that the exploit requires no user interaction and can be launched remotely, attackers could automate attacks at scale. Organizations in Europe relying on litemall for e-commerce operations should be aware that such manipulation could undermine trust in their online sales processes and impact compliance with consumer protection regulations.

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 22 Aug 2025, 01:08 UTC

Technical details

References

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