CVE-2026-25584 is a stack-buffer-overflow vulnerability identified in the InternationalColorConsortium's iccDEV library, which is widely used for handling ICC color profiles in various applications related to color management. The flaw exists in the CIccTagFloatNum<>::GetValues() function, where improper bounds checking allows an attacker to write data beyond the allocated stack buffer when processing malformed ICC profiles. This vulnerability is classified under several CWEs related to memory safety errors, including CWE-119 (Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer), CWE-121 (Stack-based Buffer Overflow), CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write), and CWE-788 (Access of Memory Location Before Start of Buffer). The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.8, indicating high severity, with an attack vector of local (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), but requiring user interaction (UI:R). Successful exploitation can lead to severe consequences such as arbitrary code execution, information disclosure, or denial of service due to memory corruption. The vulnerability affects all iccDEV versions prior to 2.3.1.3, which contains the patch. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the nature of the vulnerability makes it a critical risk for applications that automatically process ICC profiles, especially if those profiles can be supplied by untrusted sources.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2026-25584 can be significant, particularly in industries relying heavily on color management technologies such as printing, digital media production, photography, and publishing. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause denial of service on systems processing malicious ICC profiles, potentially leading to data breaches or operational disruptions. Organizations that automatically ingest or render ICC profiles from external sources, including cloud-based workflows or collaborative environments, face elevated risk. The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected systems could be compromised. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged as a foothold for further lateral movement within networks. Given the widespread use of ICC profiles in graphics and media software, the attack surface is broad, affecting both desktop and server environments. The requirement for user interaction limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk, especially in scenarios where users open or import untrusted ICC profiles.

To mitigate CVE-2026-25584, European organizations should promptly update iccDEV to version 2.3.1.3 or later, where the vulnerability is patched. Implement strict validation and sanitization of ICC profiles before processing, especially those received from untrusted or external sources. Employ application whitelisting and sandboxing techniques for software that handles ICC profiles to contain potential exploitation. Restrict user permissions to limit the ability to process arbitrary files and educate users about the risks of opening untrusted ICC profiles. Network segmentation can reduce the impact of a successful exploit by limiting lateral movement. Monitor logs and system behavior for anomalies related to ICC profile processing. For environments where patching is delayed, consider disabling or restricting the use of iccDEV-based components or workflows that automatically process ICC profiles. Finally, maintain up-to-date endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting exploitation attempts targeting memory corruption vulnerabilities.