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CVE-2026-49400: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data in octobercms october

0
Low
VulnerabilityCVE-2026-49400cvecve-2026-49400cwe-502
Published: 09/14/2026 (09/14/2026, 17:15:12 UTC)
Source: CVE Database V5
Vendor/Project: octobercms
Product: october

Description

October System provides the system module for October Content Management System. Prior to versions 3.7.17 and 4.2.21, the backend `SessionMaker` trait stored widget session state as `base64(serialize(...))` and consumed it with `unserialize()` without an `allowed_classes` restriction. Any code path that could write to a `widget.*` session key with attacker-controlled bytes could trigger PHP object injection the next time the widget read its session state, allowing instantiation of arbitrary classes and reachable PHP gadget chains. This issue only affects installations running with `cms.safe_mode` enabled. Safe Mode is a niche opt-in feature, primarily used for demo installations and multi-tenant or shared-editor scenarios where untrusted users are deliberately granted access to the CMS markup editor. In standard production deployments Safe Mode is off, backend access is restricted to trusted administrators, and a markup editor can already execute arbitrary PHP directly. The session-write path that reaches this sink is gated by the Safe Mode sandbox, so installations without Safe Mode enabled are not exposed. Scope of impact is narrow even with Safe Mode enabled. The standard backend code paths that populate widget session state (search terms, sort options, selected IDs, filter values) wrap the input inside a known array shape before serializing, so user-supplied values never reach `unserialize()` as a controllable serialized payload. Exploitation requires the Safe Mode session-write path together with a suitable PHP gadget chain reachable from the installed dependency set. The hardening below removes the underlying object-injection sink so the class of issue is closed off regardless. The vulnerability has been patched in v3.7.17 and v4.2.21. Two changes were applied. `Backend\Traits\SessionMaker` now stores widget session state as plain JSON instead of `base64(serialize(...))`, eliminating the object-injection sink entirely for new writes. Reads transparently fall back to the legacy format for one upgrade cycle so existing sessions retain their saved widget state. The legacy `unserialize()` fallback path now sets `allowed_classes => false`, so even values written before the upgrade cannot instantiate objects. As a workaround, restrict CMS markup editing access to fully trusted administrators only, the standard October CMS recommendation for any deployment.

CVSS v3.1

Score 3.3low

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Affected software

octobercms

october

Affected versions
<3.7.17>=4.0.0 <4.2.23
GitHub Actionsmore threats →ai
octobercms/october
pkg:github/octobercms/october
Affected versions
<3.7.17>=4.0.0 <4.2.23

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AI-Powered Analysis

Machine-generated threat intelligence

AILast updated: 09/14/2026, 17:47:09 UTC

Technical Analysis

The vulnerability (CVE-2026-49400) affects October CMS's backend SessionMaker trait in versions before 3.7.17 and between 4.0.0 and before 4.2.23 when Safe Mode is enabled. The trait stored widget session state as base64-encoded serialized PHP objects and unserialized them without restricting allowed classes, enabling PHP object injection if an attacker could write attacker-controlled bytes to a widget session key. Exploitation requires Safe Mode enabled and a suitable PHP gadget chain. The patch replaces serialization with JSON storage and restricts allowed classes during unserialization, effectively closing the object injection vector.

Potential Impact

The impact is limited to installations running with Safe Mode enabled, which is primarily used in demo or multi-tenant scenarios with untrusted CMS markup editor users. In these cases, an attacker could trigger PHP object injection leading to instantiation of arbitrary classes and potential code execution via gadget chains. Standard production deployments without Safe Mode enabled are not affected. The CVSS score is 3.3 (low), reflecting limited impact and exploitation complexity.

Mitigation Recommendations

A fix is available in October CMS versions 3.7.17 and 4.2.21. The patch changes widget session state storage to JSON and restricts allowed classes during unserialization. Users should upgrade to these versions or later. As a workaround, restrict CMS markup editing access to fully trusted administrators only, which is the standard recommendation for October CMS deployments. No additional action is required if Safe Mode is not enabled.

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Technical Details

Data Version
5.2
Assigner Short Name
GitHub_M
Date Reserved
2026-05-29T19:08:01.256Z
Cvss Version
3.1
State
PUBLISHED

Threat ID: 6aa8300255bf5e2cf5600a69

Added to database: 09/14/2026, 17:33:54 UTC

Last enriched: 09/14/2026, 17:47:09 UTC

Last updated: 09/15/2026, 03:06:29 UTC

Views: 8

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