The product failed to enforce validation constraints on user-supplied input in URL parameters, allowing sensitive data to be passed to flows where it was not intended to be processed. Although the product did not utilize this data, its acceptance could lead to logging.
If a user mistakenly sends sensitive data via URL parameters to any flow, this data could be inadvertently logged in access logs. This has the potential to expose confidential information, compromising the security and privacy of affected systems if the product is used incorrectly.
The system fails to invalidate existing access tokens associated with sub-organization users during sensitive account management operations such as password reset, role change, or sub-organization disablement. This oversight allows previously issued tokens to remain active even after the user's access context has been modified or revoked through administrative actions.
The identified issue could lead to unauthorized access by a malicious actor, but only when all of the following conditions are met: previously issued access tokens remain active, and these tokens have been exposed to malicious actors.
When a WSO2 product is configured to use an external user store, the system fails to adequately obscure the existence or validity of usernames during authentication attempts. This oversight allows an attacker to repeatedly query the authentication mechanism with different username guesses, enabling the enumeration of valid usernames present in the external user store.
The discovery of valid usernames can increase the risk of targeted brute-force attacks, social engineering, and information leakage. Attackers can leverage this information to craft more convincing phishing campaigns or other social engineering tactics to trick users into revealing sensitive data. The presence of username enumeration could also negatively impact an organization's reputation, leading to loss of customer trust, regulatory non-compliance, and potential legal and financial repercussions.
CVE-2024-5563 is a vulnerability in WSO2 Identity Server versions 7.0.0 up to but not including 7.0.0.37 where reCaptcha is not applied to certain authentication flows despite being enabled. This allows attackers to bypass the reCaptcha protection, potentially enabling brute force attacks that could lead to unauthorized access to user accounts and sensitive information. The vulnerability has a medium severity with a CVSS score of 4.8.
The callback URL parameter in WSO2 API Manager fails to validate user-supplied input, allowing it to be controlled by malicious actors.
Exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to users being redirected to attacker-controlled web pages. This can be used in conjunction with social engineering techniques to trick users into interacting with malicious links, potentially resulting in phishing attacks aimed at acquiring sensitive information or causing other harm.
The Authentication Endpoint accepts user-supplied input without sufficient encoding, allowing for the injection of malicious JavaScript payloads. This vulnerability can be triggered by submitting crafted input to the Authentication Endpoint.
Successful exploitation allows an attacker to redirect the user's browser to a malicious website, modify the web page's user interface, or extract sensitive information from the browser. However, due to the `httpOnly` flag on session-related cookies, session hijacking is not possible.
The RemoteUserStoreManagerService does not sufficiently validate password change attempts when the password history validation feature is enabled. This oversight allows an attacker to repeatedly attempt password guesses for a user account without being adequately restricted.
Exploiting this vulnerability enables an attacker to discover a user's password through brute force, leading to account impersonation. The success rate of such an attack is influenced by the complexity of the targeted user's password, with simpler passwords increasing the likelihood of compromise.
The software accepts user-supplied data without sufficient validation, allowing for the injection of malicious Expression Language (EL) code. This can lead to the execution of arbitrary operations within the affected deployment.
Exploitation of this vulnerability requires administrator privileges. The impact is minimal as EL usage is restricted to certain read operations.
Tokens associated with user sessions are not revoked when the corresponding user session is terminated, unless another SSO request is initiated. This occurs when the session-bound token feature is enabled with token binding validation and the "Revoke token upon user logout" option is not active. The software fails to automatically invalidate session-bound tokens upon user session termination.
This vulnerability exists when token binding validation is enabled. As a result, a malicious actor possessing a valid session-bound token could exploit this condition to maintain unauthorized access to applications and resources even after the associated user session has ended, potentially leading to the exposure of sensitive user data.
The authentication endpoint of WSO2 Identity Server fails to provide a consistent system response when a username does not exist in the system, allowing attackers to differentiate between valid and invalid usernames. This difference in responses can be leveraged to enumerate existing user accounts.
Successful exploitation enables an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system, significantly increasing the risk of subsequent attacks such as brute force attacks on user credentials, social engineering attacks, and information leakage. The discovered usernames can be used to craft targeted phishing emails or other social engineering campaigns.
The SCIM endpoint does not sufficiently validate authorization for federated users when performing operations against the local user store. This occurs when a local and a federated user share the same username, allowing a federated user to perform actions intended for a local user, including arbitrary operations.
A malicious actor authenticated as a federated user may perform arbitrary operations on local user accounts via the SCIM 2.0 or SCIM 1.1 endpoints when local and federated users share the same username. This could lead to user account takeover. Deployments that do not support user self-registration are considered medium severity.
The Management Console and product files expose sensitive data, including remote log server credentials, truststore passwords, and keystore passwords, in plain text. This occurs because the system does not sufficiently protect or obscure these credentials when the remote logging feature is enabled.
An attacker with administrative access to the Management Console or direct access to product files can retrieve these sensitive credentials. This allows for potential manipulation of log entries and compromise of the integrity and confidentiality of the remote log server.
CVE-2025-7043 is a vulnerability in WSO2 API Manager where the ForgeRock client fails to properly validate refresh tokens. This flaw allows a refresh token to be used directly as an access token, bypassing the required client credential verification step. An attacker with a stolen or exposed refresh token can exploit this to access protected resources without proper authorization. The vulnerability affects multiple versions of WSO2 API Manager prior to specific patch releases. The CVSS score is 5.4, indicating a medium severity level.
The carbon console accepts user-supplied XML input without sufficiently encoding potentially executable content, allowing for the injection of malicious scripts.
Successful exploitation allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of a victim's browser, leading to actions such as redirecting the user to a malicious website or modifying the web page's user interface. Session hijacking is not possible as sensitive session cookies are protected by the httpOnly flag.
The Management Console fails to properly validate input related to the configuration of JDBC user stores. This weakness allows an attacker to supply specially crafted input that can lead to the execution of arbitrary code on the affected server.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability enables an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server with the privileges of the WSO2 product. This could lead to a full compromise of the system.
The WSO2 Identity Server fails to enforce a default expiry time for SMS One-Time Passwords (OTPs) used in multi-factor authentication (MFA). This allows unused OTPs to remain valid indefinitely, presenting an opportunity for malicious actors to conduct brute force attacks by repeatedly guessing the OTP.
The absence of automatic expiration for OTPs grants attackers an unlimited timeframe to attempt guessing the correct code. A successful brute force attack can lead to an MFA bypass, resulting in the unauthorized takeover of a user's account and compromising the security and privacy of both the individual and the system.
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) warns that hackers are exploiting a critical authentication bypass vulnerability (CVE-2026-5430) affecting multiple products from enterprise software provider WSO2. [...]
The SMS OTP flow fails to adequately handle error messages, allowing an attacker to infer the existence of registered user accounts based on the responses received during the OTP initiation process.
This weakness can be exploited by an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system. The impact is amplified for accounts that have not configured a mobile number, as the enumeration is specifically tied to this condition. The discovery of these usernames can facilitate subsequent brute force attacks, social engineering attempts, and information leakage, potentially leading to reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and regulatory non-compliance.
The self-registration flow accepts user-supplied input for usernames without adequately preventing the disclosure of username existence. When a user attempts to register with an existing username, the system responds with an error message that explicitly indicates the username is already in use.
This behavior allows an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system. The discovery of valid usernames can facilitate subsequent attacks such as brute force, social engineering, and targeted phishing campaigns.
The WSO2 Integrator MI VS Code extension fails to properly sanitize or validate user-supplied input when processing Micro Integrator projects opened from untrusted sources. This allows a crafted project to inject and execute arbitrary operating system commands through the unit test execution flow.
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to the execution of arbitrary OS commands on the system where the VS Code extension is running. The extent of the impact is dependent on the privileges of the user account under which VS Code is operating. Exploitation requires the user to grant workspace trust to the malicious project and subsequently trigger the unit test execution.