CVE-2024-41072 is a vulnerability identified in the Linux kernel's wireless configuration subsystem, specifically within the cfg80211 component that interfaces with the Wireless Extensions (wext) API. The vulnerability arises in the function cfg80211_wext_siwscan(), which handles scan requests via the ioctl system call using the SIOCSIWSCAN command. The issue is due to insufficient validation of the number of channels specified in the scan request. Without proper checks, an attacker could submit a request with a number of channels exceeding the maximum allowed (IW_MAX_FREQUENCIES). This could lead to improper handling of the request, potentially causing kernel instability or denial of service. The patch introduced adds an explicit check to reject any scan request where the number of channels exceeds IW_MAX_FREQUENCIES, returning an -EINVAL error code to prevent processing invalid input. This vulnerability is rooted in input validation flaws within kernel space, which is critical because kernel vulnerabilities can have severe consequences. However, there is no indication of known exploits in the wild at this time, and no CVSS score has been assigned yet. The affected versions are identified by a specific commit hash, suggesting that the vulnerability is present in recent Linux kernel versions prior to the patch. The vulnerability requires the ability to issue ioctl calls to the wireless interface, which typically requires local access or elevated privileges, limiting remote exploitation. Nonetheless, it poses a risk especially in multi-user or shared environments where unprivileged users might attempt to exploit kernel interfaces. The vulnerability impacts the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system by potentially causing denial of service or kernel crashes, which can disrupt wireless networking functionality and overall system stability.

For European organizations, this vulnerability could impact any systems running vulnerable Linux kernel versions with wireless capabilities enabled. Given the widespread use of Linux in enterprise servers, embedded devices, and IoT infrastructure across Europe, the potential for disruption exists especially in sectors relying on wireless connectivity such as telecommunications, manufacturing, and critical infrastructure. A denial of service or kernel crash could lead to network outages, impacting business continuity and operational efficiency. Although exploitation requires local access or elevated privileges, insider threats or compromised accounts could leverage this vulnerability to disrupt services. Additionally, embedded Linux devices used in industrial control systems or network equipment could be affected, potentially impacting critical infrastructure sectors prevalent in Europe. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk, but the vulnerability should be addressed promptly to prevent future exploitation. The impact on confidentiality is limited since the vulnerability does not directly expose data, but integrity and availability could be compromised through system instability or crashes.

To mitigate this vulnerability, European organizations should prioritize updating their Linux kernel to the patched version that includes the additional validation check in cfg80211_wext_siwscan(). System administrators should audit their environments to identify devices running vulnerable kernel versions, especially those with wireless interfaces enabled. Restricting access to ioctl calls related to wireless interfaces can reduce the attack surface; this can be achieved by enforcing strict user permissions and employing Linux Security Modules (e.g., SELinux, AppArmor) to limit access to kernel interfaces. Network segmentation and isolation of critical systems can further reduce risk from compromised local users. Monitoring kernel logs for unusual ioctl activity or wireless scan requests exceeding normal parameters can help detect attempted exploitation. For embedded devices or IoT systems where kernel updates may be delayed, consider compensating controls such as disabling unnecessary wireless interfaces or restricting physical and network access. Finally, maintain an up-to-date inventory of Linux-based assets and apply security patches promptly as part of a robust vulnerability management program.