CVE-2025-11590 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in CodeAstro Gym Management System version 1.0, located in the /admin/equipment-entry.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'ename' parameter, which is used in SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. This allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code remotely, without requiring authentication or user interaction, to manipulate the backend database. Potential consequences include unauthorized data retrieval, modification, or deletion, which can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system's data. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.3, reflecting medium severity with network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. Although no active exploitation has been reported, the availability of public exploit code increases the risk of future attacks. The lack of patches or vendor advisories necessitates immediate attention from system administrators. This vulnerability is particularly critical for organizations relying on the affected version of CodeAstro Gym Management System to manage sensitive membership and equipment data.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized access to sensitive customer and operational data managed by gym management systems. Exploitation could lead to data breaches involving personal information, membership details, and financial records, potentially violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. Additionally, attackers could alter or delete equipment records, disrupting gym operations and causing service downtime. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the attack increases the threat surface, especially for gyms with externally accessible administrative interfaces. The reputational damage and regulatory penalties from such breaches could be significant. Furthermore, if attackers leverage this vulnerability as a foothold, it could lead to broader network compromise within organizations. The medium severity suggests that while the threat is serious, it may require some conditions to be met, such as exposure of the admin interface to untrusted networks.

To mitigate CVE-2025-11590, organizations should immediately audit and restrict access to the /admin/equipment-entry.php endpoint, ensuring it is not exposed to the public internet or untrusted networks. Implement network-level controls such as VPNs or IP whitelisting for administrative access. Conduct a thorough code review of the 'ename' parameter handling and refactor the code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. If possible, upgrade to a patched version once available or apply vendor-provided fixes. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting SQL injection patterns to detect and block exploit attempts. Regularly monitor logs for suspicious activities related to SQL errors or unusual database queries. Educate development teams on secure coding practices and perform periodic security assessments of the application. Finally, ensure backups of critical data are maintained to enable recovery in case of data tampering.