CVE-2025-12105 is a use-after-free vulnerability identified in the libsoup library, which is extensively used by GNOME and WebKit-based applications to handle HTTP/2 communications on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10. The vulnerability stems from a flaw in the asynchronous message queue management where, under certain timing conditions during network operation aborts, an internal message queue item is freed twice due to missing state synchronization. This improper memory management leads to a use-after-free condition, which can cause the affected application to crash. Exploitation requires an attacker to remotely send carefully crafted HTTP/2 read and cancel sequences that trigger the double free. The vulnerability does not affect confidentiality or integrity but severely impacts availability by causing denial-of-service. The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.5, reflecting high severity with network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and no user interaction needed. No known exploits have been reported in the wild as of the publication date. The vulnerability affects Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 installations that use libsoup-dependent GNOME or WebKit applications, which are common in desktop and server environments. The lack of patch links suggests that fixes may be forthcoming or in progress. This vulnerability highlights the risks in asynchronous network message handling and the importance of proper state synchronization to prevent memory corruption issues.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-12105 is the potential for denial-of-service attacks against systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 with affected GNOME or WebKit-based applications. This could disrupt critical services, especially in environments relying on HTTP/2 communications such as web servers, internal applications, or cloud infrastructure. The vulnerability does not compromise data confidentiality or integrity, but the availability impact could lead to operational downtime, service interruptions, and potential cascading effects in dependent systems. Sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and telecommunications, which often use Red Hat Enterprise Linux in their infrastructure, may face increased risk of service disruption. The remote exploitability without authentication or user interaction increases the attack surface, making exposed internet-facing systems particularly vulnerable. While no active exploitation is known, the high severity score and ease of exploitation warrant proactive mitigation to avoid potential attacks that could affect business continuity and service reliability.

European organizations should implement the following specific mitigation measures: 1) Monitor Red Hat advisories closely and apply security patches for libsoup and related GNOME/WebKit components as soon as they become available. 2) Employ network-level protections such as HTTP/2 traffic filtering and rate limiting to detect and block suspicious read and cancel sequences that could trigger the vulnerability. 3) Restrict exposure of vulnerable services to untrusted networks by using firewalls, VPNs, or segmentation to limit attack vectors. 4) Conduct internal audits to identify all systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 with affected libsoup-dependent applications and prioritize patching or temporary workarounds. 5) Implement application-level monitoring and logging to detect abnormal crashes or service disruptions indicative of exploitation attempts. 6) Consider disabling HTTP/2 support temporarily on critical systems if patching is delayed and the risk of attack is high. 7) Educate system administrators about the vulnerability’s characteristics to improve incident response readiness. These targeted actions go beyond generic advice by focusing on controlling HTTP/2 traffic patterns and prioritizing patch management in affected environments.