CVE-2025-48490 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting versions of the Lomkit laravel-rest-api prior to 2.13.0. Lomkit laravel-rest-api is an API generator built on the Laravel framework, widely used for creating RESTful APIs. The vulnerability arises from improper input validation (CWE-20) due to how the framework merges validation rules across different contexts such as index, store, and update actions. Specifically, when multiple validation rules are defined for the same attribute in different contexts, the framework could silently override some validations, allowing malicious actors to craft requests that bypass expected validation constraints. This validation bypass can lead to the acceptance and processing of unauthorized or unexpected parameters by the API. Depending on the API's functionality and the context in which the validation is bypassed, this could result in unauthorized data manipulation, injection of malicious data, or other unintended behaviors. The vulnerability does not require authentication, user interaction, or privileges, and can be exploited remotely over the network, increasing its risk profile. However, no known exploits are currently reported in the wild. The issue was addressed and patched in version 2.13.0 of the laravel-rest-api. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.6, reflecting a medium severity with network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact on integrity but no impact on confidentiality or availability.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk especially for those relying on Lomkit laravel-rest-api for critical API services. The bypass of validation rules can lead to unauthorized data being accepted and processed, potentially compromising data integrity and leading to downstream application logic errors or security breaches. This could affect sectors such as finance, healthcare, e-commerce, and government services where APIs handle sensitive or regulated data. The ability to exploit this vulnerability without authentication or user interaction means attackers can remotely target exposed APIs, increasing the attack surface. If exploited, it could facilitate injection of malicious parameters, unauthorized data modification, or bypass of business logic constraints, potentially resulting in fraud, data corruption, or service disruption. Given the widespread use of Laravel-based APIs in Europe, the impact could be broad, affecting both private and public sector organizations that have not updated to the patched version.

European organizations should immediately audit their use of Lomkit laravel-rest-api and verify the version in use. Upgrading to version 2.13.0 or later is the primary and most effective mitigation. Where immediate upgrade is not feasible, organizations should implement strict input validation at multiple layers, including web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect anomalous or unexpected parameters. API gateways should enforce schema validation and reject requests with unexpected or duplicate parameters. Logging and monitoring should be enhanced to detect unusual API request patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. Additionally, organizations should conduct thorough security testing of their APIs, including fuzz testing and validation rule verification, to identify any residual validation bypass issues. Developers should review and refactor validation logic to avoid overlapping or conflicting rules across contexts. Finally, organizations should maintain an incident response plan to quickly address any exploitation attempts.