CVE-2025-50736 identifies an open redirect vulnerability in Byaidu PDFMathTranslate version 1.9.9, specifically in the /gradio_api endpoint's file parameter. Open redirect vulnerabilities occur when an application accepts untrusted input that causes it to redirect users to external URLs without proper validation. In this case, attackers can craft URLs that appear legitimate but redirect victims to malicious websites. Such redirects can be exploited for phishing attacks by luring users into entering credentials or downloading malware from attacker-controlled domains. Additionally, this vulnerability can be used to bypass security filters that rely on URL reputation or domain whitelisting, as the initial URL appears to be from a trusted source. The vulnerability does not require authentication, meaning any user or attacker can exploit it, but it does require user interaction to click or visit the crafted URL. No patches or fixes have been published yet, and no known exploits are currently in the wild. The lack of a CVSS score indicates this is a newly published vulnerability reserved in mid-2025 and disclosed in October 2025. The absence of affected version details beyond v1.9.9 suggests this is the primary impacted release. The vulnerability primarily threatens the confidentiality and integrity of user interactions rather than direct system compromise, as it redirects users rather than executing code or escalating privileges.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-50736 lies in the increased risk of successful phishing campaigns and social engineering attacks. Organizations relying on Byaidu PDFMathTranslate for document processing or PDF-related services may inadvertently facilitate attackers redirecting users to malicious sites, potentially leading to credential theft, malware infections, or data breaches. This can erode user trust and damage organizational reputation. Sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government, which often handle sensitive documents and rely on secure workflows, are particularly vulnerable. Additionally, the ability to bypass security filters may reduce the effectiveness of existing email or web security solutions, increasing exposure to broader attack vectors. While the vulnerability does not directly compromise system availability or integrity, the indirect consequences of successful phishing or malware delivery can be severe, including financial loss, regulatory penalties under GDPR, and operational disruption.

To mitigate CVE-2025-50736, organizations should implement strict validation and sanitization of URL parameters, especially the file parameter in the /gradio_api endpoint, to ensure only trusted internal URLs are accepted. Employing an allowlist approach for redirect destinations can effectively prevent arbitrary external redirects. Web application firewalls (WAFs) can be configured to detect and block suspicious redirect patterns. User education and awareness training should emphasize caution when clicking on URLs, particularly those involving document processing tools. Monitoring and logging redirect requests can help detect exploitation attempts. Organizations should track vendor updates closely and apply patches promptly once available. Additionally, integrating multi-factor authentication (MFA) can reduce the impact of credential theft resulting from phishing. Network segmentation and endpoint protection can further limit damage from downstream malware infections initiated via redirected URLs.