CVE-2025-53769 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-73, which pertains to external control of file name or path. This flaw exists in the Microsoft Windows Security App version 1000.0.0.0, where an authorized local attacker can manipulate file names or paths used by the application. Such manipulation can lead to spoofing attacks, where the attacker can deceive users or systems by presenting falsified information or masquerading as legitimate files or processes. The vulnerability requires the attacker to have low-level privileges on the system (PR:L) but does not require user interaction (UI:N). The attack vector is local (AV:L), meaning the attacker must have access to the affected machine. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5, indicating medium severity, with a high impact on confidentiality (C:H) but no impact on integrity or availability. The scope remains unchanged (S:U). The vulnerability is currently published with no known exploits in the wild and no patches publicly available yet. The risk arises from the potential for local attackers to spoof security-related information, possibly misleading users or security processes, which could facilitate further attacks or unauthorized access.

For European organizations, this vulnerability could allow malicious insiders or compromised local accounts to spoof security alerts or files within the Windows Security App, potentially bypassing user trust and security controls. This can lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information or facilitate social engineering attacks. While it does not directly compromise system integrity or availability, the confidentiality impact is significant, especially in environments handling sensitive data. Organizations with a large number of Windows endpoints running the affected version are at risk. The vulnerability could be leveraged as a stepping stone for more advanced attacks if combined with other exploits. The lack of remote exploitability limits the threat to local or physically accessible systems, but insider threats or attackers with initial footholds remain a concern.

Organizations should monitor Microsoft advisories closely and apply security patches immediately once released. Until patches are available, restrict local user permissions to the minimum necessary, preventing unauthorized users from manipulating file paths or names within the Windows Security App. Employ application whitelisting and integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized changes to security app files. Conduct regular audits of local accounts and remove or disable unnecessary privileges. Educate users about potential spoofing tactics and encourage vigilance when interacting with security alerts. Consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions that can identify suspicious local activities related to file manipulation. Additionally, isolate critical systems to limit local access and enforce strict access controls.