CVE-2025-54186 is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability (CWE-125) affecting Adobe Substance3D - Modeler versions 1.22.0 and earlier. This vulnerability arises when the software improperly handles memory bounds during processing, allowing an attacker to read memory outside the intended buffer. Exploitation requires user interaction, specifically the victim opening a crafted malicious file. Successful exploitation can lead to disclosure of sensitive memory contents, potentially exposing confidential information stored in the application's memory space. The vulnerability does not allow for code execution or modification of data (integrity), nor does it affect availability. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium severity), reflecting that the attack vector is local (AV:L), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges (PR:N), but does require user interaction (UI:R). The scope is unchanged (S:U), and the impact is high on confidentiality (C:H), with no impact on integrity (I:N) or availability (A:N). No known exploits in the wild have been reported, and no patches are currently linked, indicating that mitigation may rely on vendor updates or user caution. Given the nature of the vulnerability, it primarily threatens confidentiality through memory disclosure when opening malicious files in the affected software.

For European organizations, especially those involved in digital content creation, 3D modeling, and design industries, this vulnerability poses a risk of sensitive data leakage. Adobe Substance3D - Modeler is used in creative workflows, including product design, gaming, and media production. Disclosure of memory contents could reveal proprietary designs, intellectual property, or confidential project data. While the vulnerability does not allow code execution or system compromise, the exposure of sensitive information could lead to competitive disadvantage or compliance issues under data protection regulations such as GDPR. The requirement for user interaction means that social engineering or phishing campaigns could be used to trick users into opening malicious files, increasing the risk in environments where file sharing is common. The medium severity suggests a moderate risk level, but the impact on confidentiality is significant for organizations handling sensitive design data.

1. Adobe should be contacted or monitored for official patches or updates addressing this vulnerability; organizations should prioritize applying such patches once available. 2. Until patches are released, organizations should implement strict file handling policies, including disabling or restricting the opening of untrusted or unsolicited files in Substance3D - Modeler. 3. Employ endpoint security solutions capable of detecting and blocking malicious files or suspicious behavior related to file opening. 4. Conduct user awareness training focused on the risks of opening files from unknown or untrusted sources, emphasizing the potential for memory disclosure vulnerabilities. 5. Use network segmentation to isolate systems running Substance3D - Modeler, limiting exposure if a compromise occurs. 6. Implement monitoring and logging to detect unusual application behavior or access patterns that could indicate exploitation attempts. 7. Consider alternative software or workflows if immediate patching is not feasible and the risk is deemed unacceptable.