CVE-2025-58467 is a security vulnerability classified under CWE-23 (Relative Path Traversal) affecting QNAP Systems Inc.'s Qsync Central software, specifically versions 5.0.x.x prior to 5.0.0.4. This vulnerability allows an attacker who has already obtained a valid user account to manipulate file path inputs to access files outside the intended directory boundaries. By exploiting this flaw, the attacker can read arbitrary files on the system, potentially exposing sensitive configuration files, user data, or system information that should otherwise be inaccessible. The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can be exploited remotely over the network, but it does require the attacker to have authenticated access, limiting the attack surface to compromised or insider accounts. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 1.3, indicating low severity, primarily due to the requirement for authenticated access and the limited impact scope. QNAP addressed this vulnerability in Qsync Central version 5.0.0.4 released on January 20, 2026. No public exploits or active exploitation campaigns have been reported to date. The vulnerability highlights the importance of proper input validation and path sanitization in software handling file operations to prevent unauthorized data disclosure.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2025-58467 is unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information due to the ability of an attacker to read arbitrary files on systems running vulnerable versions of Qsync Central. This can lead to exposure of confidential business data, user credentials, or system configuration details, potentially facilitating further attacks or data breaches. Organizations relying on Qsync Central for file synchronization and sharing may face risks to data confidentiality and privacy compliance obligations under regulations such as GDPR. Although the vulnerability does not allow code execution or system takeover, the exposure of sensitive files can undermine trust and operational security. The requirement for authenticated access reduces the likelihood of widespread exploitation but raises concerns about insider threats or compromised user accounts. Disruption to business processes could occur if sensitive files are accessed and misused, especially in sectors handling critical or regulated data.

European organizations should immediately verify their Qsync Central version and upgrade to version 5.0.0.4 or later, where the vulnerability is patched. Implement strict access controls and monitor user accounts for suspicious activity to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Employ network segmentation and limit Qsync Central access to trusted internal networks or VPNs to reduce exposure. Conduct regular audits of file access logs to detect unauthorized attempts to read sensitive files. Enforce strong authentication mechanisms, including multi-factor authentication (MFA), to mitigate risks from compromised credentials. Additionally, review and harden file system permissions to minimize the impact of path traversal exploits. Security teams should keep abreast of any emerging exploit reports and apply vendor advisories promptly. Finally, educate users about phishing and credential security to prevent initial account compromise.