CVE-2026-28409 is a critical OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) found in the WeGIA web management software, which is designed for charitable institutions. The vulnerability exists in the database restoration functionality prior to version 3.6.5. Specifically, the application fails to properly sanitize or neutralize special characters in the filename of uploaded backup files. An attacker who has administrative access to the WeGIA application can exploit this flaw by uploading a backup file with a specially crafted filename containing malicious OS commands. This leads to arbitrary command execution on the underlying server, allowing full compromise of the system. Administrative access is a prerequisite; however, this can be obtained through a previously reported authentication bypass vulnerability, effectively lowering the barrier to exploitation. The vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 10.0, reflecting its critical nature with network attack vector, no required privileges or user interaction, and complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability was publicly disclosed on February 27, 2026, and fixed in WeGIA version 3.6.5. No public exploits have been observed in the wild yet, but the severity and ease of exploitation make it a significant threat to organizations using affected versions.

The impact of CVE-2026-28409 is severe for organizations using WeGIA versions prior to 3.6.5. Successful exploitation allows attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands on the server hosting the application, leading to full system compromise. This can result in data theft, data destruction, service disruption, and potential lateral movement within the network. Since WeGIA manages sensitive data for charitable institutions, the breach could expose donor information, financial records, and internal communications, damaging organizational reputation and trust. The vulnerability also enables attackers to deploy malware, ransomware, or establish persistent backdoors. Given the critical CVSS score and the possibility of chaining with an authentication bypass, the threat extends beyond isolated incidents to potentially widespread compromise in environments where administrative access controls are weak or outdated software is in use.

To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should immediately upgrade WeGIA to version 3.6.5 or later, where the issue is patched. Until the upgrade is applied, restrict administrative access to trusted personnel only and enforce strong authentication mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access. Implement network segmentation to isolate the WeGIA server from critical infrastructure. Monitor logs for suspicious file uploads or unusual command execution patterns. Employ application-layer firewalls or intrusion detection systems capable of detecting command injection attempts. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on administrative functionalities. Additionally, review and harden backup and restore procedures to ensure filenames and inputs are sanitized. Educate administrators about the risks of using outdated software and the importance of timely patching. Finally, maintain an incident response plan to quickly address any detected exploitation attempts.