VulnerabilityPublished 16 Jun 2025Updated 3 Nov 2025

CVE-2025-49125: Org.apache.tomcat:tomcat catalina: Apache Tomcat - Security constraint bypass for pre/post-resources

Affects org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalinaSource GCVE Database

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Authoritative record:CVE-2025-49125· High 7.5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 7.5 High : upgrade to 11.0.8 soon.

Data as of 30 Oct 2026, 02:31 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

7.5High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

Thin evidence

One scorer or none

CVSS scores by source
CISA-ADP	CVSS 3.1	7.5

Patch: Available – fixed in 11.0.8, 10.1.42, 9.0.106

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: None
Availability: None

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: High: There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact.
Integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.
Availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 16 Jun 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponized: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 29 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponized: A Metasploit exploit module or Exploit-DB entry exists (Metasploit scanner modules do not count), or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Upgrade org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina and org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core to 11.0.8; org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina and org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core to 10.1.42; org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina and org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core to 9.0.106.

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina	Affected >=11.0.0-M1 <11.0.8	Fixed in 11.0.8
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina	Affected >=10.1.0-M1 <10.1.42	Fixed in 10.1.42
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina	Affected >=9.0.0.M1 <9.0.106	Fixed in 9.0.106
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core	Affected >=11.0.0-M1 <11.0.8	Fixed in 11.0.8
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core	Affected >=10.1.0-M1 <10.1.42	Fixed in 10.1.42
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core	Affected >=9.0.0.M1 <9.0.106	Fixed in 9.0.106

Check your own hosts for these packages with threat-finder (opens in a new tab), our free open-source scanner.

AI-suggested

Users should upgrade affected Apache Tomcat installations to versions 11.0.8, 10.1.42, or 9.0.106 or later, where the vulnerability is fixed. Since a patch is available, applying these official updates is the recommended remediation. No alternative mitigations or workarounds are indicated in the advisory.

Description

CVE-2025-49125 is a security constraint bypass vulnerability in Apache Tomcat affecting versions 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.105, 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.41, and 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.7. The flaw allows access to PreResources or PostResources mounted at non-root locations via unexpected paths that may not be protected by the intended security constraints, enabling authentication bypass. Fixed versions are 8.5.101+, 9.0.106+, 10.1.42+, and 11.0.8+. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.3 (medium severity).

Impact

Successful exploitation allows an unauthenticated attacker to bypass security constraints protecting certain web application resources, potentially exposing sensitive content or functionality that should be restricted. This could lead to unauthorized access within the affected Tomcat server environment. There is no indication of remote code execution or privilege escalation beyond the bypass of authentication constraints. No known exploits are reported in the wild at this time.

Summary

This vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's tomcat-catalina component involves an authentication bypass due to improper enforcement of security constraints on PreResources or PostResources mounted other than at the root of the web application. Attackers could access these resources through alternate paths that bypass the configured security constraints. The issue affects multiple versions spanning from 8.5.0 to 11.0.7, including some end-of-life versions. The Apache Tomcat project has addressed this flaw in versions 8.5.101, 9.0.106, 10.1.42, and 11.0.8.

CWE-288Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessOWASP Top 10 A07:2025: Authentication Failures (opens in a new tab)
The product requires authentication, but the product has an alternate path or channel that does not require authentication.
Architecture and Design
Funnel all access through a single choke point to simplify how users can access a resource. For every access, perform a check to determine if the user has permissions to access the resource.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
OWASP Authentication (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V1.2.3 (opens in a new tab)
V1.2.2 (opens in a new tab)
V1.2.4 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Directory Indexing (opens in a new tab)
Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 30 Oct 2026, 02:31 UTC

Public exploits and detectionGitHub proofs of concept

WeaknessesCWE-288

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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