CWE-78: OS Command Injection vulnerabilities

AVideo through 29.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability in plugin/API/standAlone/functions.php where the listFFmpegProcesses() function interpolates unsanitized keyword parameters inside single quotes without escaping. Attackers who can craft a valid encrypted codeToExec payload can break out of the single-quoted grep context and execute arbitrary OS commands as the web-server user.

9Router is an AI router & token saver. Prior to 0.5.2, 9Router allows a remote authenticated attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution on the host operating system by combining a Host header bypass of localhost-only routes with unvalidated MCP plugin args passed to child_process.spawn(), allowing malicious custom plugins to execute commands through /api/mcp//sse. This issue is fixed in version 0.5.2.

9Router versions from 0.4.30 up to but not including 0.4.37 contain an OS command injection vulnerability in the src/proxy.js middleware. This flaw allows unauthenticated attackers to register custom plugins and execute commands via the MCP bridge due to insufficient protection of certain API endpoints. The vulnerability is fixed starting with version 0.4.37.

CVE-2026-15895 is a high-severity OS command injection vulnerability in the npm package loading component of AWS jsii-diff versions before 1.131.0. This flaw allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands by crafting malicious package specifiers passed to the npm: source argument. The vulnerability is addressed by upgrading to jsii-diff version 1.131.0 or later.

Tabby (formerly Terminus) is a highly configurable terminal emulator. Prior to 1.0.234, Tabby inserts dropped file paths from tabby-electron/src/pathDrop.ts into the active shell without neutralizing command substitution metacharacters such as $(…) and `…`, so the incomplete CVE-2026-45038 fix for control characters still allows code execution when the victim presses Enter. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.234.

PraisonAI before 4.6.78 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in JobWorkflowExecutor._exec_inline_python() due to insufficient AST validation of workflow script steps. Attackers can create malicious YAML workflow files with import os statements followed by os.system() calls that bypass sandbox checks and execute arbitrary OS commands with process privileges.

Animate is affected by an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file. Scope is changed.

Animate is affected by an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file. Scope is changed.

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in Archer VX800v v1 due to insufficient input sanitization of the domain name parameter. An adjacent attacker who can access the relevant HTTP interface can modify the parameter to inject shell metacharacters, resulting in arbitrary code execution with root privileges. Successful exploitation may allow remote code execution and complete compromise of the device.

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the TR-069 / CWMP management interface of Archer VX1800v v1 due to insufficient input validation and sanitization of parameters, allowing crafted input to be executed as system-level commands. Exploitation requires specific conditions such as TR-069 being enabled and ability to influence ACS-delivered commands, compromise or control an ACS server. Successful exploitation may allow arbitrary command execution with root privileges, resulting in complete compromise of the device.

Sustainable Irrigation Platform (SIP) through version 5.2.16 contains a command injection vulnerability in the optional cli_control plugin that allows unauthenticated or cross-site request forgery attackers to execute arbitrary operating-system commands by storing a malicious payload via the plugin's HTTP endpoint. Attackers can trigger execution by activating the associated irrigation station, exploiting the absence of passphrase protection or the default passphrase 'opendoor', to achieve arbitrary command execution on the underlying host.

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in Apache Kylin. A backend API may bring job config parameters to OS command line. This issue affects Apache Kylin: from 4 through 5.0.3. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 5.0.4, which fixes the issue.

Milestone has released a new version of XProtect® (and several cumulative patch updates) which fix security vulnerability in Management Server API. The vulnerability causes users with edit permissions to the Management Server to be able to execute arbitrary code in context of the Management Server Service.

Privilege escalation in Checkmk versions 2.5.0 before 2.5.0p9, 2.4.0 before 2.4.0p34, 2.3.0 before 2.3.0p49, and 2.2.0 (EOL) allows a local unprivileged user to execute arbitrary commands as root by starting a process crafted to look like a SAP HANA instance. Without an explicit database configuration, the mk_sap_hana agent plugin derives instance identifiers from the process list and uses them to build a command executed with elevated privileges (requires the plugin to run as root with RUNAS=agent).

A vulnerability was found in louisho5 picobot up to 0.2.0. This issue affects the function ExecTool.Execute of the file internal/agent/tools/exec.go of the component exec Tool. The manipulation results in os command injection. The attack requires a local approach. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Vitec Flamingo 4.12.2 contains an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability in the admin/ajax/gen_graphs.php endpoint that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands by supplying shell metacharacters in the start, end, key, or format HTTP GET parameters. Attackers can exploit the lack of input sanitization in the graph generation script, which passes user-supplied values directly to shell commands via passthru(), to execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges due to the web server context having passwordless sudo access.

Vitec Flamingo 4.12.2 contains an unauthenticated OS command injection vulnerability in the admin/ajax/ping.php endpoint that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands by exploiting a double-evaluation flaw in shell argument handling. The endpoint applies escapeshellarg() to the user-supplied host POST parameter before passing it to a system wrapper, but the wrapper retrieves the decoded value from argv and incorporates it into a second shell_exec() call without escaping, allowing injected commands to execute with root privileges via passwordless sudo.

The OCPP DataTransfer message `ReserveLogin` is vulnerable to command injection. By manipulating the data value, arbitrary OS commands can be executed as root.

A weakness has been identified in Shibby Tomato up to 1.28.0000. This affects the function sub_2D048 of the component CIFS Mount Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument cifs1/cifs2 can lead to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. This project is superseded by FreshTomato.

A security flaw has been discovered in Shibby Tomato up to 1.28.0000. Affected by this issue is the function sub_2D568 of the component start_jffs2. Performing a manipulation of the argument jffs2_exec results in os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. This project is superseded by FreshTomato.