CVE-2025-12244 identifies a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Simple E-Banking System version 1.0 developed by code-projects. The vulnerability exists in the /eBank/register.php file, where the Username parameter is not properly sanitized or encoded before being reflected in the web application's output. This flaw allows an attacker to craft malicious input that, when processed by the vulnerable page, executes arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of the victim's browser. The attack vector is remote and does not require authentication, but successful exploitation depends on user interaction, such as clicking a malicious link or visiting a compromised webpage. The vulnerability can lead to session hijacking, theft of cookies or credentials, and potentially facilitate phishing or further attacks against the user or the banking system. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), user interaction required (UI:P), no impact on confidentiality (VC:N), low impact on integrity (VI:L), no impact on availability (VA:N), and no scope change (S:N). Although no known exploits are currently active, the public disclosure increases the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The lack of available patches necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by affected organizations.

For European organizations using the Simple E-Banking System 1.0, this XSS vulnerability poses a moderate risk. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute malicious scripts in users' browsers, potentially leading to session hijacking, unauthorized access to user accounts, and theft of sensitive banking information. This undermines user trust and can result in financial losses and regulatory penalties under GDPR due to compromised personal data. The attack does not directly affect system availability but can facilitate further attacks that degrade service or cause reputational damage. Given the banking context, even a medium-severity vulnerability can have outsized consequences, especially if attackers leverage it to conduct phishing campaigns or spread malware. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the attack surface, making it easier for cybercriminals to target customers of affected banks or financial institutions. European financial institutions are subject to strict compliance requirements, so failure to address this vulnerability could lead to legal and financial repercussions.

To mitigate CVE-2025-12244, organizations should immediately implement strict input validation and output encoding on the Username parameter in /eBank/register.php to neutralize malicious scripts. Employ context-aware encoding (e.g., HTML entity encoding) to prevent script injection. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block XSS payloads targeting the affected endpoint. Conduct thorough code reviews and security testing to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities elsewhere in the application. Educate end users about the risks of clicking unsolicited links and encourage the use of updated browsers with built-in XSS protections. If patching the application is not immediately possible, consider isolating the vulnerable component or restricting access to trusted users only. Monitor web traffic and logs for suspicious activity indicative of exploitation attempts. Finally, coordinate with the vendor or development team to obtain or develop an official patch or update for the affected software version.