CVE-2025-58963 is a critical security vulnerability identified in the 7oroof Medcity software, a healthcare management platform. The vulnerability allows an attacker to upload files of dangerous types without restriction, including web shells, which are malicious scripts that provide remote command execution capabilities on the web server. This issue affects all versions of Medcity prior to 1.1.9. The vulnerability requires no authentication (PR:N) and no user interaction (UI:N), making it trivially exploitable remotely over the network (AV:N). The CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (all rated high), as an attacker can gain full control over the affected server. The vulnerability arises from insufficient validation and sanitization of uploaded files, allowing attackers to bypass file type restrictions and upload executable code. Once a web shell is deployed, attackers can execute arbitrary commands, steal sensitive patient data, modify or delete records, and disrupt healthcare services. Although no exploits are currently reported in the wild, the vulnerability's characteristics make it a prime target for attackers seeking to compromise healthcare infrastructure. The lack of available patches at the time of disclosure further increases the risk. This vulnerability underscores the critical need for secure file upload mechanisms and robust input validation in healthcare applications.

For European organizations, especially those in the healthcare sector using 7oroof Medcity, this vulnerability poses a severe risk. Exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive patient data, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, potentially resulting in heavy fines and reputational damage. The ability to upload web shells enables attackers to maintain persistent access, manipulate or destroy medical records, and disrupt critical healthcare services, which could endanger patient safety. The critical nature of healthcare infrastructure in Europe makes such attacks highly impactful, potentially affecting hospital operations and emergency response capabilities. Additionally, the breach of confidential health data can lead to identity theft, fraud, and loss of trust in healthcare providers. The ease of exploitation without authentication increases the likelihood of attacks, especially from opportunistic or state-sponsored threat actors targeting European healthcare systems. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently provides a window for proactive defense, but the risk remains high due to the vulnerability's severity and potential impact.

1. Immediate application of patches or updates from 7oroof once available is paramount. 2. Until patches are released, implement strict server-side validation of uploaded files, including checking MIME types, file extensions, and content signatures to block executable or script files. 3. Employ a whitelist approach for allowed file types and reject all others. 4. Use sandboxing or isolated environments for handling file uploads to prevent direct execution on production servers. 5. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) configured to detect and block attempts to upload web shells or suspicious files. 6. Monitor server logs and file upload directories for unusual activity or presence of unexpected files. 7. Restrict permissions on upload directories to prevent execution of uploaded files. 8. Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing focused on file upload functionality. 9. Educate development teams on secure coding practices related to file handling. 10. Implement network segmentation to limit the impact of a compromised web server on other critical systems.