Threat database

Affected Omada devices rely on embedded certificates that are shared across deployments to establish trust between controllers and managed devices. An attacker who obtains the embedded certificates may be able to impersonate trusted controllers or devices and intercept affected communications.

A cryptographic weakness exists in the Omada adoption protocol.  The protocol relies on hard-coded cryptographic keys to establish trust and protect authentication exchanges between controllers and managed devices during device adoption. An attacker may be able to impersonate trusted controllers or managed devices and gain access to sensitive adoption-related communications.

A cryptographic weakness exists in the Omada device adoption process.  During adoption, authentication credentials associated with site management are transmitted using a weak hashing algorithm that does not provide sufficient protection. An attacker who successfully intercepts adoption-related authentication traffic may be able to recover valid credentials and gain unauthorized access to managed devices or controller-managed environments.

CVE-2025-9291 is a high-severity vulnerability in TP-Link Omada Gateways involving improper certificate validation. The affected devices do not adequately verify that a presented certificate matches the expected cloud controller hostname. This weakness could allow an attacker to bypass certificate validation protections under certain conditions, potentially enabling interception or modification of communications between the devices and cloud controllers.

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the VPN module of TP-Link AXE75 V1 routers. This vulnerability allows an adjacent, authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the device by importing a specially crafted VPN client configuration file. The issue arises from improper filtering of special characters.  Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may enable an attacker to gain full control of the affected device, potentially compromising configuration integrity, network security, and service availability.

The TL-WR940N v6 router contains a vulnerability in its RTSP connection tracking module that can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. The issue occurs when a LAN client initiates a connection to a malicious RTSP server controlled by an attacker. A specially crafted RTSP message may trigger improper memory handling within the kernel module Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in a denial-of-service (DoS) condition or allow remote code execution (RCE), potentially leading to full compromise of the device. This vulnerability can be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker under the device's default configuration.

A hardcoded credential vulnerability exists in the firmware of multiple TP-Link routers (TL-WR845N v4, TL-WR850N v3, TL-WR902AC v4, Archer C20 v6 & Archer MR200 v5).  Authentication-related credential material is embedded within a password file in the firmware image and may be recovered through firmware analysis. Successful exploitation could result in unauthorized access to privileged functions on affected devices.

An information disclosure vulnerability was identified in TP-Link Kasa EC70 v4 and EC71 v4 in the local discovery mechanism, which exposes sensitive geolocation information without requiring authentication. This issue allows an attacker on the same local network to retrieve geolocation-related data through crafted responses. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality only, with no evidence of integrity of availability impact.

Kasa EC71 v4 and EC70 v4 firmware contains a static cryptographic private key stored in a read-only filesystem that is shared across devices.  An attacker with access to the firmware image can extract the embedded key.  Successful exploitation may allow an unauthenticated attacker on the same network to use this key in the web management service, compromising the confidentiality of encrypted communications. This may enable passive decryption of traffic or active man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks

TP-Link Deco M5 v1 uses a weak password hashing mechanism to store user credentials. An attacker who obtains the password hash through system compromise or privileged access could perform brute-force or dictionary attacks. Successful exploitation may result in disclosure of authentication credentials, enabling unauthorized access to device management functions, depending on the privileges associated with the recovered password. The primary security impact is loss of confidentiality.

A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in the HTTP authentication component in Archer VX1800v v1. Improper handling of user-controlled input may allow newline characters to be injected into internally constructed configuration data.  An authenticated user with sufficient privileges may be able to modify account settings and gain elevated administrative privileges.

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in Archer VX800v v1 due to insufficient input sanitization of the domain name parameter. An adjacent attacker who can access the relevant HTTP interface can modify the parameter to inject shell metacharacters, resulting in arbitrary code execution with root privileges. Successful exploitation may allow remote code execution and complete compromise of the device.

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the TR-069 / CWMP management interface of Archer VX1800v v1 due to insufficient input validation and sanitization of parameters, allowing crafted input to be executed as system-level commands. Exploitation requires specific conditions such as TR-069 being enabled and ability to influence ACS-delivered commands, compromise or control an ACS server. Successful exploitation may allow arbitrary command execution with root privileges, resulting in complete compromise of the device.

A stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in the web-based management interface of Archer C5 v6.8 routers, due to insufficient server-side validation and lack of proper output encoding of user-controlled input in a certain field.  An attacker with administrative privileges can inject crafted HTML or JS payloads into the affected field. The payload is stored and later executed when the affected page is rendered in an administrator's browser.Successful exploitation allows execution of arbitrary JavaScript in an admin's browser, potentially leading to session hijacking and unauthorized access to router configuration, possibly resulting in exposure of sensitive data and modification of device settings. The vulnerability affects ISP-managed firmware variants of the product. Remediation is coordinated through service providers.

An unauthenticated URL redirection vulnerability has been identified in Archer AX20 V2 due to improper validation of user-supplied URL input within the web interface.  An unauthenticated attacker can craft URLs containing URL-encoded path traversal sequences. When processed by the embedded web server, these inputs may cause the device to respond with HTTP 3xx redirects to attacker-controlled external domains. This issue affects Archer AX20 V2.0: through 2.1.9 Build 20230829.

An authenticated stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the web management interface of TP-Link TL-WR841N v14. A remote authenticated attacker can send crafted HTTP requests to cause the embedded web server to overflow a stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the affected process. Successful exploitation results in a denial-of-service condition, causing the device to crash and automatically reboot.

A denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability has been identified in Tapo C200 v3 in the network packet handling logic due to improper handling of IPv4 fragmented packets.  An unauthenticated adjacent attacker can send crafted packets to cause excessive resource consumption, leading to instability of the device.Successful exploitation can remotely trigger a temporary denial-of-service condition, causing the camera to become unresponsive and resulting in intermittent loss of video monitoring and recording.

A command injection vulnerability has been identified in the DHCP option processing logic in multiple TP-Link router models, due to insufficient validation of externally supplied DHCP option data. An adjacent attacker may exploit this vulnerability by supplying crafted DHCP responses, potentially resulting in unauthorized command execution during device initialization or provisioning workflows. This typically occurs when the device is in a factory-default or unconfigured state. Successful exploitation may allow an adjacent, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands with elevated privileges, potentially leading to full compromise of the affected device and unauthorized administrative control.

An authenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists in the IPv6 PPPoE configuration handler in TL-WR940N v6 due to improper sanitization of user input. An attacker with administrative access may exploit this issue to execute arbitrary system commands with elevated privileges.

An authenticated OS command injection vulnerability exists in the BigPond Cable (BPA) WAN configuration module in TL-WR940N v6 due to improper sanitization of user input. An attacker with administrative access may exploit this issue to execute arbitrary system commands with elevated privileges.